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In finance, a coupon is the interest payment received by a bondholder from the date of issuance until the date of maturity of a bond . Coupons are normally described in terms of the "coupon rate", which is calculated by adding the sum of coupons paid per year and dividing it by the bond's face value. For example, if a bond has a face value of ...
0-9. 1H – First half of the year; 24/7 – 24 hours a day, seven days a week; 80/20 – According to the Pareto principle, for many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes
Sales promotion is one of the elements of the promotional mix. The primary elements in the promotional mix are advertising, personal selling, direct marketing and publicity / public relations. Sales promotion uses both media and non-media marketing communications for a predetermined, limited time to increase consumer demand, stimulate market ...
Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. [a] As a subject of study, it is related to but distinct from economics, which is the study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. [b] Based on the scope of financial activities in financial systems, the ...
Communication theory is a proposed description of communication phenomena, the relationships among them, a storyline describing these relationships, and an argument for these three elements. Communication theory provides a way of talking about and analyzing key events, processes, and commitments that together form communication.
The constitutive approach is an organizational communications theory originating in Robert T. Craig’s chapter of the book Communication Theory: Communication Theory as a Field. An organizational constitutive approach views communication processes as a means of forming and maintaining organizations.
Business communication. Business communication is communication that is intended to help a business achieve a fundamental goal, through information sharing between employees as well as people outside the company. [1] [2] It includes the process of creating, sharing, listening, and understanding messages between different groups of people ...
An affine term structure model is a financial model that relates zero-coupon bond prices (i.e. the discount curve) to a spot rate model. It is particularly useful for deriving the yield curve – the process of determining spot rate model inputs from observable bond market data. The affine class of term structure models implies the convenient ...