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Natural reservoir. In infectious disease ecology and epidemiology, a natural reservoir, also known as a disease reservoir or a reservoir of infection, is the population of organisms or the specific environment in which an infectious pathogen naturally lives and reproduces, or upon which the pathogen primarily depends for its survival.
Chain of infection; the chain of events that lead to infection. There is a general chain of events that applies to infections, sometimes called the chain of infection [15] or transmission chain. The chain of events involves several steps – which include the infectious agent, reservoir, entering a susceptible host, exit and transmission to new ...
In Latin, fomes (genitive: fomitis, plural fomites, stem fomit-) is a third-declension T-stem noun. Such nouns, like miles/militis or comes/comitis, typically lose their T (thereby becoming a syllable shorter) in the nominative singular, but retain it in all other cases. In languages derived from Latin, the French fomite, Italian fomite ...
Transmission and infection of H5N1 from infected avian sources to humans has been a concern since the first documented case of human infection in 1997, [1] due to the global spread of H5N1 that constitutes a pandemic threat. Infected birds pass on H5N1 through their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces. Other birds may pick up the virus through ...
Pathogen transmission. In medicine, public health, and biology, transmission is the passing of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected. [1] The term strictly refers to the transmission of ...
The black rat is a reservoir host for bubonic plague. The rat fleas that infest the rats are vectors for the disease. In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist guest . The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter.
A subclinical infection —sometimes called a preinfection or inapparent infection —is an infection by a pathogen that causes few or no signs or symptoms of infection in the host. [1] Subclinical infections can occur in both humans and animals. [2] Depending on the pathogen, which can be a virus or intestinal parasite, the host may be ...
Virus latency (or viral latency) is the ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant ( latent) within a cell, denoted as the lysogenic part of the viral life cycle. [1] A latent viral infection is a type of persistent viral infection which is distinguished from a chronic viral infection. Latency is the phase in certain viruses' life cycles in ...