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Thiamine, also known as thiamin and vitamin B 1, is a vitamin, an essential micronutrient for humans and animals. [3] [4] It is found in food and commercially synthesized to be a dietary supplement or medication. [1] [5] Phosphorylated forms of thiamine are required for some metabolic reactions, including the breakdown of glucose and amino ...
B vitamins are a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. [ 1][ 2] They are a chemically diverse class of compounds. [ 1] Dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamins are referred to by B-number or by chemical name ...
Benfotiamine. Benfotiamine ( rINN, or S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate) is a synthetic, fat-soluble, S -acyl derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) that is approved in some countries as a medication or dietary supplement to treat diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy. Benfotiamine was developed in late 1950s in Japan. [ 1][ 2]
β-Carotene ( beta -carotene) is an organic, strongly colored red-orange pigment abundant in fungi, [ 7] plants, and fruits. It is a member of the carotenes, which are terpenoids (isoprenoids), synthesized biochemically from eight isoprene units and thus having 40 carbons .
Thiamine deficiency. Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1 ). [ 1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [ 1][ 7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness ...
Thiamine pyrophosphate ( TPP or ThPP ), or thiamine diphosphate ( ThDP ), or cocarboxylase[ 1] is a thiamine (vitamin B 1) derivative which is produced by the enzyme thiamine diphosphokinase. Thiamine pyrophosphate is a cofactor that is present in all living systems, in which it catalyzes several biochemical reactions.
Food fortification or enrichment is the process of adding micronutrients (essential trace elements and vitamins) to food. It can be carried out by food manufacturers, or by governments as a public health policy which aims to reduce the number of people with dietary deficiencies within a population. The predominant diet within a region can lack ...
Allithiamine. Allithiamine ( thiamine allyl disulfide or TAD) is a lipid -soluble form of vitamin B 1 which was discovered in garlic ( Allium sativum) in the 1950s along with its homolog prosultiamine. [ 1] They were both investigated for their ability to treat Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome and beriberi better than thiamine.