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Nelson's syndrome is a disorder that occurs in about one in four patients who have had both adrenal glands removed to treat Cushing's disease. [1] In patients with pre-existing adrenocorticotropic hormone ()-secreting pituitary adenomas, loss of adrenal feedback following bilateral adrenalectomy can trigger the rapid growth of the tumor, leading to visual symptoms (e.g. bitemporal hemianopsia ...
Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum pituitary gland necrosis, occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to significant blood loss and hypovolemic shock (ischemic necrosis) usually during or after childbirth leading to decreased functioning of the pituitary gland ( hypopituitarism ). [ 1] The pituitary gland is an endocrine organ ...
Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Most pituitary tumors are benign, approximately 35% are invasive and just 0.1% to 0.2% are carcinomas. [ 1] Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all intracranial neoplasms and the estimated prevalence rate in the general population is approximately 17%. [ 1][ 2]
Euthyroid sick syndrome ( ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [ 1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback control, dyshomeostatic disorders ...
Empty sella syndrome. Empty sella syndrome is the condition when the pituitary gland shrinks or becomes flattened, filling the sella turcica with cerebrospinal fluid instead of the normal pituitary. [ 2] It can be discovered as part of the diagnostic workup of pituitary disorders, or as an incidental finding when imaging the brain. [ 1]
A CT or MRI of the pituitary may also show the ACTH-secreting tumor if present. However, in 40% of Cushing's disease patients MRI is unable to detect a tumor. [ 8 ] In one study of 261 patients with confirmed pituitary Cushing's disease, only 48% of pituitary lesions were identified using MRI prior to surgery.
Dr. Leana Wen: Menopause is the period in a woman’s life when her menstrual periods stop. For most women, this natural, biological process occurs as a part of going through midlife when the ...
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor. An atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor ( AT/RT) is a rare tumor usually diagnosed in childhood. Although usually a brain tumor, AT/RT can occur anywhere in the central nervous system (CNS), including the spinal cord. About 60% will be in the posterior cranial fossa (particularly the cerebellum ).
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