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Racing thoughts refers to the rapid thought patterns that often occur in manic, hypomanic, or mixed episodes. While racing thoughts are most commonly described in people with bipolar disorder and sleep apnea, they are also common with anxiety disorders, OCD, and other psychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
This can be seen when the eyes are closed and looking at the back of the eyelids. In a bright room, a dark red can be seen, owing to a small amount of light penetrating the eyelids and taking on the color of the blood it has passed through. In a dark room, blackness can be seen or the object can be more colourful.
Rapid eye movement behavior disorder occurs when there is a loss of normal voluntary muscle atonia during REM sleep resulting in motor behavior in response to dream content. It can be caused by adverse reactions to certain drugs or during drug withdrawal; however, it is most often associated with the elderly and in those with neurodegenerative ...
Hypnagogia. Hypnagogia is the transitional state from wakefulness to sleep, also defined as the waning state of consciousness during the onset of sleep. Its opposite state is described as hypnopompia – the transitional state from sleep into wakefulness. Mental phenomena that may occur during this "threshold consciousness" phase include ...
Sleep paralysis is a state, during waking up or falling asleep, in which a person is conscious but in a complete state of full-body paralysis. [ 1][ 2] During an episode, the person may hallucinate (hear, feel, or see things that are not there), which often results in fear. [ 1][ 3] Episodes generally last no more than a few minutes. [ 2]
Rapid eye movement sleep ( REM sleep or REMS) is a unique phase of sleep in mammals (including humans) and birds, characterized by random rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied by low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly. The REM phase is also known as paradoxical sleep ( PS) and sometimes ...
Clouding of consciousness. Clouding of consciousness, also called brain fog or mental fog, [ 1][ 2] occurs when a person is slightly less wakeful or aware than normal. [ 3] They are less aware of time and their surroundings, and find it difficult to pay attention. [ 3] People describe this subjective sensation as their mind being "foggy".
Autokinetic effect. The autokinetic effect (also referred to as autokinesis and the autokinetic illusion) is a phenomenon of visual perception in which a stationary, small point of light in an otherwise dark or featureless environment appears to move. [ 1] It was first recorded in 1799 by Alexander von Humboldt who observed illusory movement of ...