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Article 14 guarantees equality to all persons [ a], including citizens, corporations, and foreigners. [ 3][ 4][ 5] Its provisions have come up for discussion in the Supreme Court in a number of cases and the case of Ram Krishna Dalmia vs Justice S R Tendolkar reiterated its meaning and scope as follows. Article 14 permits classification, so ...
While the constitution was adopted in 1950, article 343 declared that Hindi would be the official language and English would serve as an additional official language for a period not exceeding 15 years. [4] Article 344(1) defined a set of 14 regional languages which were represented in the Official Languages Commission.
Judicial review was adopted by the constitution of India from judicial review in the United States. [65] In the Indian constitution, judicial review is dealt with in Article 13. The constitution is the supreme power of the nation, and governs all laws. According to Article 13:
The Eighth schedule of the Constitution defined 14 languages in 1950. [ 4] These included Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu. [ 5] In 1967, 21st amendment to the constitution added Sindhi as one of the languages in the eight schedule.
The implementation of the Women's Reservation Bill, also known as the Constitution 108th Amendment Bill of 2008, is imperative for contemporary Indian society. [9] This legislation has encountered six unsuccessful attempts to get cleared since its initial introduction in 1996.
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act ( RTE) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. [ 1]
v. t. e. The Constitution of India provides the right to freedom, given in article 19 with the view of guaranteeing individual rights that were considered vital by the framers of the constitution. The right to freedom in Article 19 guarantees the freedom of speech and expression, as one of its six freedoms.
Chapter 2 covers articles 345–347, and writes that the regions of India are eligible to use any of the official languages of India for official purposes. It also acknowledges the possibility of a regional language being adopted and becoming an official language of India, if the President deems that a large enough proportion of the population of India desires it.