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The Pseudo-Methodius (7th century [90]) is the first source in the Christian tradition for a new element: two mountains moving together to narrow the corridor, which was then sealed with a gate against Gog and Magog. This idea is also in the Quran (609–632 CE [91] [92]), and found its way in the Western Alexander Romance. [93]
Early Muslim scholars writing about Dhul-Qarnayn also associated Gog and Magog with the Khazars. Ibn Kathir (1301–1373 CE), the famous commentator of the Quran, identified Gog and Magog with the Khazars who lived between the Black and Caspian Sea in his work Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah (The Beginning and the End).
Gates of Alexander. Dhu al-Qarnayn building a wall with the help of jinn to keep away Gog and Magog. Persian miniature from a book of Falnama copied for the Safavid Shah Tahmasp I ( r. 1524–1576 ), currently preserved in the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin. The Gates of Alexander, also known as the Caspian Gates, are one of several mountain ...
Dhu al-Qarnayn, ( Arabic: ذُو ٱلْقَرْنَيْن, romanized : Dhū l-Qarnayn, IPA: [ðuː‿l.qarˈnajn]; lit. "The owner of Two-Horns" [ 1]) appears in the Qur'an, Surah al-Kahf (18), Ayahs 83–101, as one who travels to the east and west and sets up a barrier between a certain people and Gog and Magog ( Arabic: يَأْجُوجُ ...
The Sīrat al-Iskandar ( Life of Alexander) is a 13th-century popular Arabic-language romance about Alexander the Great. It belongs to the sīra shaʿbiyya genre. [ 9] In the Sīrat, Alexander is a son of Dārāb, a prince of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia, and Nāhīd, daughter of King Philip II of Macedon. He is born in secret at Philip's ...
Gog and Magog are mentioned in two chapters of the Quran – Al Kahf and Al-Anbiya – where they are referred to as Yajuj and Majuj. (They are also mentioned in the bible and "are a recognized part of Middle Eastern mythology") [49] They are suppressed by a figure called Dhul-Qarnayn – "the two-horned one."
Hadith Dhulqarnayn. The Hadīth Dhī ʾl-Qarnayn (or Hadith Dhulqarnayn ), also known as the Leyenda de Alejandro, is an anonymous Hispano-Arabic legend of Alexander the Great (whom it identifies as Dhu al-Qarnayn, a figure known from the eighteenth chapter of the Quran ). It dates to the 15th century.
The Gog and Magog material, which passed into a lost Arabic version, and the Ethiopic and later Oriental versions of the Alexander Romance. [27] [c] It has also been found to closely resemble the story of Dhu al-Qarnayn in the Quran (see: Alexander the Great in the Quran ).