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Field capacity. Field capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in the soil after excess water has drained away and the rate of downward movement has decreased. This usually takes place two to three days after rain or irrigation in pervious soils of uniform structure and texture. The physical definition of field capacity ...
Soil water (retention) Soils can process and hold considerable amounts of water. They can take in water, and will keep doing so until they are full, or until the rate at which they can transmit water into and through the pores is exceeded. Some of this water will steadily drain through the soil (via gravity) and end up in the waterways and ...
Water retention curve is the relationship between the water content, θ, and the soil water potential, ψ. This curve is characteristic for different types of soil, and is also called the soil moisture characteristic . It is used to predict the soil water storage, water supply to the plants ( field capacity) and soil aggregate stability.
Available water capacity. Available water capacity is the amount of water that can be stored in a soil profile and be available for growing crops. [1] It is also known as available water content ( AWC ), profile available water ( PAW) [2] or total available water ( TAW ). The concept, put forward by Frank Veihmeyer and Arthur Hendrickson, [3 ...
Soil bulk density, when determined at standardized moisture conditions, is an estimate of soil compaction. [3] Soil porosity consists of the void part of the soil volume and is occupied by gases or water. Soil consistency is the ability of soil materials to stick together. Soil temperature and colour are self-defining.
Cation exchange capacity is the soil's ability to remove cations from the soil water solution and sequester those to be exchanged later as the plant roots release hydrogen ions to the solution. [103] CEC is the amount of exchangeable hydrogen cation (H + ) that will combine with 100 grams dry weight of soil and whose measure is one ...
Water storage. Water storage is a broad term referring to storage of both potable water for consumption, and non potable water for use in agriculture. In both developing countries and some developed countries found in tropical climates, there is a need to store potable drinking water during the dry season. In agriculture water storage, water is ...
Cross-section of a hillslope depicting the vadose zone, capillary fringe, water table, and phreatic or saturated zone. (Source: United States Geological Survey .) Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is commonly used in both hydrology and soil sciences. The infiltration capacity is defined as the ...