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Approximate definition of a mole based on 12 grams of carbon-12. The Avogadro constant was historically derived from the old definition of the mole as the amount of substance in 12 grams of carbon-12 (12 C); or, equivalently, the number of daltons in a gram, where the dalton is defined as 1/12 of the mass of a 12 C atom. [9]
1 × 10 −12: 1.162 Wh ≈ 1 food Calorie (large Calorie, kcal), which is the approximate amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius at a pressure of one atmosphere. 1 × 10 −9: 1.162 kWh Under controlled conditions one kilogram of TNT can destroy (or even obliterate) a small vehicle. 4.8 ...
Stoichiometry. A stoichiometric diagram of the combustion reaction of methane. Stoichiometry ( / ˌstɔɪkiˈɒmɪtri /) is the relationship between the weights of reactants and products before, during, and following chemical reactions . Stoichiometry is founded on the law of conservation of mass where the total mass of the reactants equals the ...
An equivalent definition of the dyne is "that force which, acting for one second, will produce a change of velocity of one centimetre per second in a mass of one gram". [ 3 ] One dyne is equal to 10 micronewtons, 10 −5 N or to 10 nsn (nano sthenes ) in the old metre–tonne–second system of units .
The effect of pressure and temperature on the densities of liquids and solids is small. The compressibility for a typical liquid or solid is 10 −6 bar −1 (1 bar = 0.1 MPa) and a typical thermal expansivity is 10 −5 K −1. This roughly translates into needing around ten thousand times atmospheric pressure to reduce the volume of a ...
The CGS unit of pressure is the barye (Ba), equal to 1 dyn·cm −2, or 0.1 Pa. Pressure is sometimes expressed in grams-force or kilograms-force per square centimetre ("g/cm 2" or "kg/cm 2") and the like without properly identifying the force units. But using the names kilogram, gram, kilogram-force, or gram-force (or their symbols) as units ...
10 Ba. The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength. The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m 2 ). [1]
The poise is often used with the metric prefix centi-because the viscosity of water at 20 °C (standard conditions for temperature and pressure) is almost exactly 1 centipoise. [3] A centipoise is one hundredth of a poise, or one millipascal-second (mPa⋅s) in SI units (1 cP = 10 −3 Pa⋅s = 1 mPa⋅s). [4] The CGS symbol for the centipoise ...