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Binary decision diagram. In computer science, a binary decision diagram ( BDD) or branching program is a data structure that is used to represent a Boolean function. On a more abstract level, BDDs can be considered as a compressed representation of sets or relations. Unlike other compressed representations, operations are performed directly on ...
Binary search. In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search, [ 1] logarithmic search, [ 2] or binary chop, [ 3] is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array. [ 4][ 5] Binary search compares the target value to the middle element of the array. If they are not equal, the half in ...
Each complete English word has an arbitrary integer value associated with it. In computer science, a trie ( / ˈtraɪ /, / ˈtriː / ), also called digital tree or prefix tree, [ 1] is a type of k -ary search tree, a tree data structure used for locating specific keys from within a set. These keys are most often strings, with links between ...
Josephus problem. In computer science and mathematics, the Josephus problem (or Josephus permutation) is a theoretical problem related to a certain counting-out game. Such games are used to pick out a person from a group, e.g. eeny, meeny, miny, moe . A drawing for the Josephus problem sequence for 500 people and skipping value of 6.
Modulo. In computing, the modulo operation returns the remainder or signed remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another (called the modulus of the operation). Given two positive numbers a and n, a modulo n (often abbreviated as a mod n) is the remainder of the Euclidean division of a by n, where a is the dividend and n is the ...
Bitwise operation. In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor.
A recurrence relation is an equation that expresses each element of a sequence as a function of the preceding ones. More precisely, in the case where only the immediately preceding element is involved, a recurrence relation has the form. where. is a function, where X is a set to which the elements of a sequence must belong.
In mathematics, a binary operation is commutative if changing the order of the operands does not change the result. It is a fundamental property of many binary operations, and many mathematical proofs depend on it. Perhaps most familiar as a property of arithmetic, e.g. "3 + 4 = 4 + 3" or "2 × 5 = 5 × 2", the property can also be used in more ...