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In healthy adults, there are two normal heart sounds, often described as a lub and a dub that occur in sequence with each heartbeat. These are the first heart sound (S 1) and second heart sound (S 2 ), produced by the closing of the atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves, respectively.
Bigeminy. Bigeminy is a cardiac arrhythmia in which there is a single ectopic beat, or irregular heartbeat, following each regular heartbeat. Most often this is due to ectopic beats occurring so frequently that there is one after each sinus beat, or normal heartbeat. The two beats are figuratively similar to two twins (hence bi- + gemini ).
Heart rate variability ( HRV) is the physiological phenomenon of variation in the time interval between heartbeats. It is measured by the variation in the beat-to-beat interval. Other terms used include "cycle length variability", "R–R variability" (where R is a point corresponding to the peak of the QRS complex of the ECG wave; and R–R is ...
Heterochromia iridum. Heterochromia is a variation in coloration most often used to describe color differences of the iris, but can also be applied to color variation of hair [ 1] or skin. Heterochromia is determined by the production, delivery, and concentration of melanin (a pigment ). It may be inherited, or caused by genetic mosaicism ...
The cardiac conduction system ( CCS, also called the electrical conduction system of the heart) [ 1] transmits the signals generated by the sinoatrial node – the heart 's pacemaker, to cause the heart muscle to contract, and pump blood through the body's circulatory system. The pacemaking signal travels through the right atrium to the ...
See media help. The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. [ 1] It consists of two periods: one during which the heart muscle relaxes and refills with blood, called diastole, following a period of robust contraction and pumping of blood, called systole. [ 1]
Arrhythmias, also known as cardiac arrhythmias, are irregularities in the heartbeat, including when it is too fast or too slow. [ 2] A resting heart rate that is too fast – above 100 beats per minute in adults – is called tachycardia, and a resting heart rate that is too slow – below 60 beats per minute – is called bradycardia. [ 2]
Diplacusis. Diplacusis, also known as diplacusis binauralis, binauralis disharmonica or interaural pitch difference (IPD), is a hearing disorder whereby a single auditory stimulus is perceived as different pitches between ears. It is typically experienced as a secondary symptom of sensorineural hearing loss, although not all patients with ...