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B vitamins are a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. [1][2] They are a chemically diverse class of compounds. [1] Dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamins are referred to by B-number or by chemical name, such ...
Thiamine, also known as thiamin and vitamin B 1, is a vitamin, an essential micronutrient for humans and animals. [3] [4] It is found in food and commercially synthesized to be a dietary supplement or medication. [1] [5] Phosphorylated forms of thiamine are required for some metabolic reactions, including the breakdown of glucose and amino ...
This enzyme can be found in a variety of different sources. It can be found in marine organisms, plants, and bacteria. Since thiamine (vitamin B 1) is a very important substance required for metabolic pathways by almost all organisms, it can be very detrimental to introduce Thiaminase to a system.
Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others. Vitamin B 12 is the only vitamin or nutrient not available from plant sources. The Food Fortification Initiative lists countries which have mandatory fortification programs for vitamins folic acid, niacin, vitamin A and vitamins B 1, B 2 and B 12. [9]
The requirements for a healthy diet can be met from a variety of plant-based and animal-based foods, although additional sources of vitamin B12 are needed for those following a vegan diet. [4] Various nutrition guides are published by medical and governmental institutions to educate individuals on what they should be eating to be healthy.
Vitamin B complex. Vitamin B 1 (thiamin) Vitamin B 2 (riboflavin) Vitamin B 3 (niacin) Vitamin B 5 (pantothenic acid) Vitamin B 6 group: Pyridoxine; Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate; Pyridoxamine; Vitamin B 7 (biotin) Vitamin B 9 (folate) Vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) Choline; Vitamin A (e.g. retinol (see also - provitamin A carotenoids)) Vitamin C (Ascorbic ...
Infobox references. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP or ThPP), or thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), or cocarboxylase[1] is a thiamine (vitamin B 1) derivative which is produced by the enzyme thiamine diphosphokinase. Thiamine pyrophosphate is a cofactor that is present in all living systems, in which it catalyzes several biochemical reactions.
Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth and reproduction, plant metabolism and their external supply. In its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle, or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metabolite. This is in accordance with Justus von ...