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The first parliaments date back to Europe in the Middle Ages. The earliest example of a parliament is disputed, especially depending how the term is defined. For example, the Icelandic Althing consisting of prominent individuals among the free landowners of the various districts of the Icelandic Commonwealth first gathered around the year 930 (it conducted its business orally, with no written ...
v. t. e. Representative democracy (also called electoral democracy or indirect democracy) is a type of democracy where representatives are elected by the public. [ 1] Nearly all modern Western-style democracies function as some type of representative democracy: for example, the United Kingdom (a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy ...
In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections. [ 1] Multi-party systems tend to be more common in countries using proportional representation compared to those using winner-take-all elections, a result known as Duverger's law .
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office . Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. [ 1] Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and ...
The term general election is also used in the United Kingdom to refer to elections to any democratically elected body in which all members are up for election. [citation needed] Section 2 of the Scotland Act 1998, for example, specifically refers to ordinary elections to the Scottish Parliament as general elections. [5] [need quotation to verify]
A husting, or the hustings, was originally a physical platform from which representatives presented their views or cast votes before a parliamentary or other election body. By metonymy, the term may now refer to any event, such as debates or speeches, during an election campaign where one or more of the representative candidates are present.
v. t. e. A democratic republic is a form of government operating on principles adopted from a republic and a democracy. As a cross between two similar systems, democratic republics may function on principles shared by both republics and democracies. While not all democracies are republics ( constitutional monarchies, for instance, are not) and ...
Elections. An indirect election or hierarchical voting,[ 1] is an election in which voters do not choose directly among candidates or parties for an office ( direct voting system ), but elect people who in turn choose candidates or parties. It is one of the oldest forms of elections and is used by many countries for heads of state (such as ...