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Price–sales ratio, P/S ratio, or PSR, is a valuation metric for stocks. It is calculated by dividing the company's market capitalization by the revenue in the most recent year; or, equivalently, divide the per-share price by the per-share revenue. The justified P/S ratio is calculated as the price-to-sales ratio based on the Gordon Growth Model.
The price-to-book ratio (P/B) is a commonly used benchmark comparing market value to the accounting book value of the firm's assets. The price/sales ratio and EV/sales ratios measure value relative to sales. These multiples must be used with caution as both sales and book values are less likely to be value drivers than earnings.
Here the price of the option is its discounted expected value; see risk neutrality and rational pricing. The technique applied then, is (1) to generate a large number of possible, but random, price paths for the underlying (or underlyings) via simulation, and (2) to then calculate the associated exercise value (i.e. "payoff") of the option for ...
Given that the ratio of their areas is π / 4 , the value of π can be approximated using a Monte Carlo method: [1] Draw a square, then inscribe a quadrant within it; Uniformly scatter a given number of points over the square; Count the number of points inside the quadrant, i.e. having a distance from the origin of less than 1
The Dorfman–Steiner theorem (or Dorfman–Steiner condition) is a neoclassical economics theorem which looks for the optimal level of advertising that a firm should undertake. The theorem is named after Robert Dorfman and Peter O. Steiner who developed the approach in their widely cited 1954 article in the American Economic Review.
Capitalism. In Marxian economics, surplus value is the difference between the amount raised through a sale of a product and the amount it cost to manufacture it: i.e. the amount raised through sale of the product minus the cost of the materials, plant and labour power. The concept originated in Ricardian socialism, with the term "surplus value ...
The simple model commonly used is the P/E ratio (price-to-earnings ratio). Implicit in this model of a perpetual annuity (time value of money) is that the inverse, or the E/P rate, is the discount rate appropriate to the risk of the business. Usage of the P/E ratio has the disadvantage that it ignores future earnings growth.
e. Financial analysis (also known as financial statement analysis, accounting analysis, or analysis of finance) refers to an assessment of the viability, stability, and profitability of a business, sub-business or project. It is performed by professionals who prepare reports using ratios and other techniques, that make use of information taken ...