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Add-on 455 kHz homemade BFO board. In a radio receiver, a beat frequency oscillator or BFO is a dedicated oscillator used to create an audio frequency signal from Morse code radiotelegraphy ( CW) transmissions to make them audible. The signal from the BFO is mixed with the received signal to create a heterodyne or beat frequency which is heard ...
The SN76489 [1] Digital Complex Sound Generator (DCSG) is a TTL -compatible programmable sound generator chip from Texas Instruments. [2] Its main application was the generation of music and sound effects in game consoles, arcade video games, and home computers ( TI-99/4A, BBC Micro, ColecoVision, IBM PCjr, Tomy Tutor, Master System, Game Gear ...
FM is recognized for its superior audio quality, whereas SSB is more efficient for long-range communication under limited bandwidth conditions. Radiotelegraphy using Morse code, also known as "CW" from "continuous wave", is the wireless extension of landline (wired) telegraphy developed by Samuel Morse and
The Speech/Morse generator (pictured here) is a machine that has been used for many well-known numbers stations. Those receiving the signals often have to work only with available hand-held receivers, sometimes under difficult local conditions, and in all reception conditions (such as sunspot cycles and seasonal static).
Clansman (military radio) Clansman is the name of a combat net radio system (CNR) used by the British Army from 1976 to 2010. Clansman was developed by the Signals Research and Development Establishment (SRDE) in the 1960s, to satisfy a General Staff Requirement (GSR) laid down in 1965. Clansman represented a considerable advance over existing ...
A telegraph key or Morse key is a specialized electrical switch used by a trained operator to transmit text messages in Morse code in a telegraphy system. Keys are used in all forms of electrical telegraph systems, including landline (also called wire) telegraphy and radio (also called wireless) telegraphy. An operator uses the telegraph key to ...
v. t. e. Modulated continuous wave (MCW) is Morse code telegraphy transmitted using an audio tone to modulate a carrier wave . Continuous wave (CW), by contrast, does not use a subcarrier, so there is no emission at all between Morse code symbols. MCW can be generated by any AM or FM radio transmitter with audio input from an audio oscillator ...
The procedure signs below are compiled from the official specification for Morse Code, ITU-R M.1677, International Morse Code, while others are defined the International Radio Regulations for Mobile Maritime Service, including ITU-R M.1170, ITU-R M.1172, and the Maritime International Code of Signals, with a few details of their usage appearing ...