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  2. Waqf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waqf

    Taxation in the Ottoman Empire. A waqf ( Arabic: وَقْف; [ˈwɑqf], plural awqaf أَوْقَاف ), also called a ḥabs ( حَبْس, plural ḥubūs حُبوس or aḥbās أَحْباس ), or mortmain property, is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law. It typically involves donating a building, plot of land or other ...

  3. Taqiyya - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taqiyya

    According to S. Jonathon O'Donnell, some theories posit "the idea that Muslims have a religious duty to deceive non-Muslims if it furthers the cause" of Islam. He argues the "claim rests on a misreading of the concept of taqiyya, by which believers may conceal their faith if under threat of violence. This misreading is widely deployed in ...

  4. Warranty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warranty

    Warranty. In law, a warranty is an expressed or implied promise or assurance of some kind. The term's meaning varies across legal subjects. [1] In property law, it refers to a covenant by the grantor of a deed. [2] In insurance law, it refers to a promise by the purchaser of an insurance about the thing or person to be insured.

  5. Aurat (word) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurat_(word)

    Traditionally, the word 'awrat, alongside the word za'ifeh (which derives from Arabic ḍa'īf ( ضعيف ), meaning weak), has been associated with femininity and women who live under the protection of a man. In modern-day Iran, using 'awrah or za'ifah to refer to women is uncommon and is considered sexist language. Instead, the word " zan" is ...

  6. Quo warranto - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quo_warranto

    Administrative law. In the English-American common law, quo warranto ( Medieval Latin for "by what warrant?") is a prerogative writ issued by a court which orders someone to show what authority they have for exercising some right, power, or franchise they claim to hold.

  7. Takaful - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takaful

    Takaful ( Arabic: التكافل, sometimes translated as "solidarity" or mutual guarantee) [1] is a co-operative system of reimbursement or repayment in case of loss, organized as an Islamic or sharia -compliant alternative to conventional insurance, which contains riba (usury) and gharar (excessive uncertainty). [2]

  8. Islamic honorifics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_honorifics

    The honorific "Blessings of Allah be upon him as well as peace" is the most widely used. The use of the word "blessings" ( ṣallā, صَلَّى) can be used for all Islamic prophets (and Shia Imams) equally, however it is almost exclusively used with Muhammad. Sallā -llāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ("blessings of God and peace be upon him ...

  9. Land patent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_patent

    A land patent is a form of letters patent assigning official ownership of a particular tract of land that has gone through various legally-prescribed processes like surveying and documentation, followed by the letter's signing, sealing, and publishing in public records, made by a sovereign entity. While land patents are still issued by ...