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  2. Division (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_(mathematics)

    In terms of partition, 20 / 5 means the size of each of 5 parts into which a set of size 20 is divided. For example, 20 apples divide into five groups of four apples, meaning that "twenty divided by five is equal to four". This is denoted as 20 / 5 = 4, or ⁠ 20 / 5 ⁠ = 4. [2] In the example, 20 is the dividend, 5 is the divisor, and 4 is ...

  3. Multiplicative inverse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative_inverse

    The graph forms a rectangular hyperbola. In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/ x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a / b is b / a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number.

  4. Euler's totient function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_totient_function

    These twenty fractions are all the positive ⁠ k / d ⁠ ≤ 1 whose denominators are the divisors d = 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20. The fractions with 20 as denominator are those with numerators relatively prime to 20, namely ⁠ 1 / 20 ⁠ , ⁠ 3 / 20 ⁠ , ⁠ 7 / 20 ⁠ , ⁠ 9 / 20 ⁠ , ⁠ 11 / 20 ⁠ , ⁠ 13 / 20 ⁠ , ⁠ 17 / 20 ⁠ , ⁠ 19 ...

  5. Fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction

    A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a / b or ⁠ ⁠, where a and b are both integers. [9] As with other fractions, the denominator ( b) cannot be zero. Examples include ⁠ 1 2 ⁠, − ⁠ 8 5 ⁠, ⁠ −8 5 ⁠, and ⁠ 8 −5 ⁠.

  6. Boltzmann constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_constant

    Boltzmann constant: The Boltzmann constant, k, is one of seven fixed constants defining the International System of Units, the SI, with k = 1.380 649 x 10 -23 J K -1. The Boltzmann constant is a proportionality constant between the quantities temperature (with unit kelvin) and energy (with unit joule). [ 3]

  7. Golden ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio

    The golden ratio's negative −φ and reciprocal φ−1 are the two roots of the quadratic polynomial x2 + x − 1. The golden ratio is also an algebraic number and even an algebraic integer. It has minimal polynomial. This quadratic polynomial has two roots, and. The golden ratio is also closely related to the polynomial.

  8. Logarithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm

    In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. For example, since 1000 = 103, the logarithm base of 1000 is 3, or log10 (1000) = 3.

  9. Glossary of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    1. Means "less than or equal to". That is, whatever A and B are, A ≤ B is equivalent to A < B or A = B. 2. Between two groups, may mean that the first one is a subgroup of the second one. ≥ 1. Means "greater than or equal to". That is, whatever A and B are, A ≥ B is equivalent to A > B or A = B. 2.