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  2. Blue screen of death - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_screen_of_death

    BSoDs in the Windows NT family initially used the 80×50 text mode on a 720×400 screen, and Windows 2000, Windows XP, Vista, and 7 BSoDs use the 640×480 screen resolution. Windows 2000 used its built-in kernel mode font, Windows XP, Vista, and 7 use the Lucida Console font, and Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 used the Segoe UI font. BSoDs ...

  3. Windows Preinstallation Environment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Preinstallation...

    Windows Preinstallation Environment. Windows Preinstallation Environment (also known as Windows PE and WinPE) is a lightweight version of Windows used for the deployment of PCs, workstations, and servers, or troubleshooting an operating system while it is offline. It is intended to replace MS-DOS boot disks and can be booted via USB flash drive ...

  4. Power-on self-test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-on_self-test

    Power-on self-test. A power-on self-test ( POST) is a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after a computer or other digital electronic device is powered on. [ 1] POST processes may set the initial state of the device from firmware and detect if any hardware components are non-functional.

  5. Kernel panic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_panic

    When a kernel panic occurs in Mac OS X 10.2 through 10.7, the computer displays a multilingual message informing the user that they need to reboot the system. [16] Prior to 10.2, a more traditional Unix-style panic message was displayed; in 10.8 and later, the computer automatically reboots and the message is only displayed as a skippable ...

  6. Booting process of Windows - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booting_process_of_Windows

    In Windows NT, the booting process is initiated by NTLDR in versions before Vista and the Windows Boot Manager in Vista and later. [4] The boot loader is responsible for accessing the file system on the boot drive, starting ntoskrnl.exe, and loading boot-time device drivers into memory. Once all the boot and system drivers have been loaded, the ...

  7. ACPI - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACPI

    ACPI. Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ( ACPI) is an open standard that operating systems can use to discover and configure computer hardware components, to perform power management (e.g. putting unused hardware components to sleep), auto configuration (e.g. Plug and Play and hot swapping ), and status monitoring.

  8. NTLDR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTLDR

    NTLDR ( abbreviation of NT loader) is the boot loader for all releases of Windows NT operating system from 1993 with the release of Windows NT 3.1 up until Windows XP and Windows Server 2003. From Windows Vista onwards it was replaced by the BOOTMGR bootloader. NTLDR is typically run from the primary storage device, but it can also run from ...

  9. USB human interface device class - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_human_interface_device...

    The PC 97 standard requires that a computer's BIOS must detect and work with USB HID class keyboards that are designed to be used during the boot process. Some keyboards implement the USB Boot Keyboard profile specified in the USB Device Class Definition for Human Interface Devices (HID) v1.11 and are explicitly configured to use the boot protocol.