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Graph algebra. In mathematics, especially in the fields of universal algebra and graph theory, a graph algebra is a way of giving a directed graph an algebraic structure. It was introduced by McNulty and Shallon, [1] and has seen many uses in the field of universal algebra since then.
Neighbourhood (graph theory) In this graph, the vertices adjacent to 5 are 1, 2 and 4. The neighbourhood of 5 is the graph consisting of the vertices 1, 2, 4 and the edge connecting 1 and 2. For other meanings of neighbourhoods in mathematics, see Neighbourhood (mathematics). In graph theory, an adjacent vertex of a vertex v in a graph is a ...
The nine blue vertices form a maximum independent set for the Generalized Petersen graph GP (12,4). In graph theory, an independent set, stable set, coclique or anticlique is a set of vertices in a graph, no two of which are adjacent. That is, it is a set of vertices such that for every two vertices in , there is no edge connecting the two.
A cycle graph or circular graph of order n ≥ 3 is a graph in which the vertices can be listed in an order v 1, v 2, …, v n such that the edges are the {v i, v i+1} where i = 1, 2, …, n − 1, plus the edge {v n, v 1}. Cycle graphs can be characterized as connected graphs in which the degree of all vertices is 2.
Contents. List of graphs by edges and vertices. This sortable list points to the articles describing various individual (finite) graphs. [1] The columns 'vertices', 'edges', ' radius ', ' diameter ', ' girth ', 'P' (whether the graph is planar ), χ ( chromatic number) and χ' ( chromatic index) are also sortable, allowing to search for a ...
A graph with 6 vertices and 7 edges where the vertex number 6 on the far-left is a leaf vertex or a pendant vertex. In discrete mathematics, and more specifically in graph theory, a vertex (plural vertices) or node is the fundamental unit of which graphs are formed: an undirected graph consists of a set of vertices and a set of edges (unordered pairs of vertices), while a directed graph ...
PDF/A. PDF/A is an ISO -standardized version of the Portable Document Format (PDF) specialized for use in the archiving and long-term preservation of electronic documents. PDF/A differs from PDF by prohibiting features unsuitable for long-term archiving, such as font linking (as opposed to font embedding) and encryption. [1]
A 9-vertex graph in which every edge belongs to a unique triangle and every non-edge is the diagonal of a unique quadrilateral. The 99-graph problem asks for a 99-vertex graph with the same property. In graph theory, Conway's 99-graph problem is an unsolved problem asking whether there exists an undirected graph with 99 vertices, in which each ...