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  2. 2 GB limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_GB_limit

    The 2 GB limit refers to a physical memory barrier for a process running on a 32-bit operating system, which can only use a maximum of 2 GB of memory. [1] The problem mainly affects 32-bit versions of operating systems like Microsoft Windows and Linux, although some variants of the latter can overcome this barrier. [2]

  3. Factory reset - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_reset

    Computer factory resets will restore the computer to the computer's original operating system and delete all of the user data stored on the computer. Microsoft's Windows 8, Windows 10 and Windows 11, and Apple's macOS have options for this. [citation needed] On Android devices, there is a factory data reset option in Settings that will appear ...

  4. Magnetic-core memory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic-core_memory

    The core can take two states, encoding one bit. The core memory contents are retained even when the memory system is powered down (non-volatile memory). However, when the core is read, it is reset to a "zero" value. Circuits in the computer memory system then restore the information in an immediate re-write cycle. How core memory works

  5. RAM limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM_limit

    RAM limit. The maximum random access memory (RAM) installed in any computer system is limited by hardware, software and economic factors. The hardware may have a limited number of address bus bits, limited by the processor package or design of the system. Some of the address space may be shared between RAM, peripherals, and read-only memory.

  6. 3 GB barrier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3_GB_barrier

    In computing, the term 3 GB barrier refers to a limitation of some 32-bit operating systems running on x86 microprocessors. It prevents the operating systems from using all of 4 GiB ( 4 × 10243 bytes) of main memory. [1] The exact barrier varies by motherboard and I/O device configuration, particularly the size of video RAM; it may be in the ...

  7. Real mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_mode

    t. e. Real mode, also called real address mode, is an operating mode of all x86 -compatible CPUs. The mode gets its name from the fact that addresses in real mode always correspond to real locations in memory. Real mode is characterized by a 20- bit segmented memory address space (giving 1 MB of addressable memory) and unlimited direct software ...

  8. Physical Address Extension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Address_Extension

    However, "client" versions of 32-bit Windows (Windows XP SP2 and later, Windows Vista, Windows 7) limit physical address space to the first 4 GB for driver compatibility even though these versions do run in PAE mode if NX support is enabled. Windows 8 and later releases will only run on processors which support PAE, in addition to NX and SSE2.

  9. Hardware reset - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_reset

    Hardware reset. A hardware reset or hard reset of a computer system is a hardware operation that re-initializes the core hardware components of the system, thus ending all current software operations in the system. This is typically, but not always, followed by booting of the system into firmware that re-initializes the rest of the system, and ...