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  2. List of file formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats

    SCORES.GBX – Stores info about the player's best times. PROFILE.GBX – Stores a player's info such as their login. DDS – Almost every texture in the game uses this format. PAK – Stores environment data such as valid blocks. LOC – A locator. Locators allow the game to download content such as car skins from an external server.

  3. Instruction set architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture

    The design of instruction sets is a complex issue. There were two stages in history for the microprocessor. The first was the CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer), which had many different instructions. In the 1970s, however, places like IBM did research and found that many instructions in the set could be eliminated.

  4. von Neumann architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann_architecture

    With the proposal of the stored-program computer, this changed. A stored-program computer includes, by design, an instruction set, and can store in memory a set of instructions (a program) that details the computation. A stored-program design also allows for self-modifying code. One early motivation for such a facility was the need for a ...

  5. Data structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure

    Data structures are generally based on the ability of a computer to fetch and store data at any place in its memory, specified by a pointer —a bit string, representing a memory address, that can be itself stored in memory and manipulated by the program. Thus, the array and record data structures are based on computing the addresses of data ...

  6. Computer architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecture

    In computer science and computer engineering, computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts. [ 1] It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. [ 2] At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design ...

  7. Memory cell (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cell_(computing)

    Computer memory used in most contemporary computer systems is built mainly out of DRAM cells; since the layout is much smaller than SRAM, it can be more densely packed yielding cheaper memory with greater capacity. Since the DRAM memory cell stores its value as the charge of a capacitor, and there are current leakage issues, its value must be ...

  8. Computer data storage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storage

    Computer data storage or digital data storage is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers. [ 1]: 15–16. The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer is what manipulates data by performing computations.

  9. Hazard (computer architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazard_(computer_architecture)

    Hazard (computer architecture) In the domain of central processing unit (CPU) design, hazards are problems with the instruction pipeline in CPU microarchitectures when the next instruction cannot execute in the following clock cycle, [ 1] and can potentially lead to incorrect computation results. Three common types of hazards are data hazards ...