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  2. Food loss and waste - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_loss_and_waste

    Food loss and waste occurs at all stages of the food supply chain – production, processing, sales, and consumption. [ 13][ 12] Definitions of what constitutes food loss versus food waste or what parts of foods (i.e., inedible parts) exit the food supply chain are considered lost or wasted vary. [ 12]

  3. Organic matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_matter

    Organic matter. Organic matter, organic material, or natural organic matter refers to the large source of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. It is matter composed of organic compounds that have come from the feces and remains of organisms such as plants and animals. [ 1]

  4. Carbon-based life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-based_life

    In a 2018 study, carbon was found to compose approximately 550 billion tons of all life on Earth. [ 16][ 17] It is the second most abundant element in the human body by mass (about 18.5%) after oxygen. [ 18] The most important characteristics of carbon as a basis for the chemistry of cellular life are that each carbon atom is capable of forming ...

  5. Volatile organic compound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound

    The CARB revised the definition of "Volatile Organic Compounds" used in their consumer products regulations, based on the committee's findings. [ 16 ] In addition to drinking water , VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters (both directly and via sewage treatment plants) [ 17 ] as hazardous waste, [ 18 ] but not in non ...

  6. Photosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

    To use this stored chemical energy, an organism's cells metabolize the organic compounds through cellular respiration. Photosynthesis plays a critical role in producing and maintaining the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere, and it supplies most of the biological energy necessary for complex life on Earth.

  7. Biodegradable waste - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable_waste

    Biodegradable waste includes any organic matter in waste which can be broken down into carbon dioxide, water, methane, compost, humus, and simple organic molecules by micro-organisms and other living things by composting, aerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion or similar processes. It mainly includes kitchen waste (spoiled food, trimmings ...

  8. Digestate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestate

    Acidogenic digestate produced from mixed municipal waste. Digestate is the material remaining after the anaerobic digestion (decomposition under low oxygen conditions) of a biodegradable feedstock. Anaerobic digestion produces two main products: digestate and biogas. Digestate is produced both by acidogenesis and methanogenesis and each has ...

  9. Metabolic waste - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_waste

    These compounds form during the catabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in condensation reactions, and in some other metabolic reactions of the amino acids. Oxygen is produced by plants and some bacteria in photosynthesis, while CO 2 is a waste product of all animals and plants. Nitrogen gases are produced by denitrifying bacteria and as a waste ...