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Zero-sum game. Zero-sum game is a mathematical representation in game theory and economic theory of a situation that involves two competing entities, where the result is an advantage for one side and an equivalent loss for the other. [ 1] In other words, player one's gain is equivalent to player two's loss, with the result that the net ...
t. e. Game theory is the study of mathematical models of strategic interactions. [ 1] It has applications in many fields of social science, and is used extensively in economics, logic, systems science and computer science. [ 2] Initially, game theory addressed two-person zero-sum games, in which a participant's gains or losses are exactly ...
Zero-sum thinking perceives situations as zero-sum games, where one person's gain would be another's loss. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The term is derived from game theory . However, unlike the game theory concept, zero-sum thinking refers to a psychological construct —a person's subjective interpretation of a situation.
The concept of a mixed-strategy equilibrium was introduced by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern in their 1944 book The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, but their analysis was restricted to the special case of zero-sum games. They showed that a mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium will exist for any zero-sum game with a finite set of ...
Minimax theorem. In the mathematical area of game theory, a minimax theorem is a theorem providing conditions that guarantee that the max–min inequality is also an equality. The first theorem in this sense is von Neumann 's minimax theorem about zero-sum games published in 1928, [ 1] which was considered the starting point of game theory.
This game is a two-person zero-sum game. In order to play this game, both players will each need to be given a fair two-sided penny. To start the game, both player will each choose to either flip their penny to heads or tails. This action is to be done in secrecy and there should be no attempt at investigating the choice of the other player.
In a zero-sum situation, one side wins only because the other loses. Therefore, if you have zero-sum bias, you see most (all?) situations as a competition. And in case that definition isn’t ...
In game theory, Zermelo's theorem is a theorem about finite two-person games of perfect information in which the players move alternately and in which chance does not affect the decision making process. It says that if the game cannot end in a draw, then one of the two players must have a winning strategy (i.e. can force a win).