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In statistical hypothesis testing, the analogous concepts are known as type I and type II errors, where a positive result corresponds to rejecting the null hypothesis, and a negative result corresponds to not rejecting the null hypothesis. The terms are often used interchangeably, but there are differences in detail and interpretation due to ...
Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods to separate, identify, and quantify matter. [ 1] In practice, separation, identification or quantification may constitute the entire analysis or be combined with another method. Separation isolates analytes.
Student's t-test is a statistical test used to test whether the difference between the response of two groups is statistically significant or not. It is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic follows a Student's t -distribution under the null hypothesis. It is most commonly applied when the test statistic would follow a ...
Laboratory quality control is designed to detect, reduce, and correct deficiencies in a laboratory's internal analytical process prior to the release of patient results, in order to improve the quality of the results reported by the laboratory. Quality control (QC) is a measure of precision, or how well the measurement system reproduces the ...
Type I and type II errors. In statistical hypothesis testing, a type I error, or a false positive, is the rejection of the null hypothesis when it is actually true. For example, an innocent person may be convicted. A type II error, or a false negative, is the failure to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false.
Multiple comparisons problem. An example of coincidence produced by data dredging (uncorrected multiple comparisons) showing a correlation between the number of letters in a spelling bee's winning word and the number of people in the United States killed by venomous spiders. Given a large enough pool of variables for the same time period, it is ...
Medical laboratory. Clinical laboratory in a hospital setting showing several automated analysers. A medical laboratory or clinical laboratory is a laboratory where tests are conducted out on clinical specimens to obtain information about the health of a patient to aid in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. [ 1]
A scientific control is an experiment or observation designed to minimize the effects of variables other than the independent variable (i.e. confounding variables ). [ 1] This increases the reliability of the results, often through a comparison between control measurements and the other measurements. Scientific controls are a part of the ...
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