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The universal Turing machine was a type of stored-program computer capable of mimicking the operations of any Turing machine (computer model) based on the software instructions passed to it. The storage of computer programs is key to the operation of modern computers and is the connection between computer hardware and software. [7]
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations ( computation ). Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs. These programs enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. The term computer system may refer to a nominally ...
Software can be defined more narrowly as the instructions executed by the computer hardware, or more broadly including other concepts, tools, and methods needed to make an executable system on computer hardware, such as design documents, specifications, and testing suites.
An operating system ( OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs . Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, peripherals, and ...
Computer engineering is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical engineering and computer science required to develop computer hardware and software. [33] Computer engineers usually have training in electronic engineering (or electrical engineering ), software design , and hardware-software integration, rather than just ...
System software was usually supplied by the manufacturer of the computer hardware and was intended to be used by most or all users of that system. Many operating systems come pre-packaged with basic application software. Such software is not considered system software when it can be uninstalled without affecting the functioning of other software.
Personal computer. An artist's depiction of a 2000s-era desktop-style personal computer, which includes a metal case with the computing components, a display and a keyboard ( mouse not shown) A personal computer, often referred to as a PC, is a computer designed for individual use. [ 1] It is typically used for tasks such as word processing ...
In computer science and computer engineering, computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts. [ 1] It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. [ 2] At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design ...