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Somnifacient. Etizolam is a benzodiazepine somnifacient for treating insomnia. Somnifacient (from Latin somnus, sleep [1] ), also known as sedatives or sleeping pills, is a class of medications that induces sleep. It is mainly used for treatment of insomnia. Examples of somnifacients include benzodiazepines, barbiturates and antihistamines .
Doxylamine succinate is the active ingredient in many over-the-counter sleep-aids branded under various names. Doxylamine succinate and pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) are the ingredients of Diclegis, approved by the FDA in April 2013 becoming the only drug approved for morning sickness [46] with a class A safety rating for pregnancy (no evidence of risk).
[3] [23] H 1 receptor antagonism accounts for its antihistamine effects and associated sedative side effects. [6] [3] In contrast to other TCAs, opipramol has very low affinity for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and virtually no anticholinergic effects. [23] [25] Sigma receptors are a set of proteins located in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Flunitrazepam, sold under the brand name Rohypnol among others, [ 3] is a benzodiazepine used to treat severe insomnia and assist with anesthesia. [ 4] As with other hypnotics, flunitrazepam has been advised to be prescribed only for short-term use or by those with chronic insomnia on an occasional basis.
Zolpidem is a nonbenzodiazepine or Z-drug which acts as a sedative and hypnotic. [ 10][ 16] Zolpidem is a GABA A receptor agonist of the imidazopyridine class. [ 10] It works by increasing GABA effects in the central nervous system by binding to GABA A receptors at the same location as benzodiazepines. [ 10]
The Dutch, British and French system called the System of Objectified Judgement Analysis for assessing whether drugs should be included in drug formularies based on clinical efficacy, adverse effects, pharmacokinetic properties, toxicity, and drug interactions was used to assess nitrazepam. A Dutch analysis using the system found nitrazepam to ...
Doxepin is a medication belonging to the tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) [ 10] class of drugs used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, chronic hives, and insomnia. [ 10][ 11] For hives it is a less preferred alternative to antihistamines. [ 10] It has a mild to moderate benefit for sleeping problems. [ 12]
Sominex is the trademarked name for several over the counter sleep aids. Different formulations of Sominex are available, depending upon the market. Both the US and UK formulations contain a significant dose of a first generation antihistamine with hypnotic properties. In the United States, Sominex is marketed by Prestige Brands, [1] sometimes ...