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Stream cipher. The operation of the keystream generator in A5/1, an LFSR-based stream cipher used to encrypt mobile phone conversations. A stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream ( keystream ). In a stream cipher, each plaintext digit is encrypted one at a time with the ...
One-time pad. A format of one-time pad used by the U.S. National Security Agency, code named DIANA. The table on the right is an aid for converting between plaintext and ciphertext using the characters at left as the key. In cryptography, the one-time pad ( OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single ...
Book cipher. The King James Bible, a highly available publication suitable for the book cipher. A book cipher is a cipher in which each word or letter in the plaintext of a message is replaced by some code that locates it in another text, the key . A simple version of such a cipher would use a specific book as the key, and would replace each ...
MscGen. Mscgen (short for MSC generator) is a software tool for drawing message sequence charts from a simple to manage text-based source file. Rendered charts can be output in PNG, SVG and PostScript, with hyperlink information in ismap format. There is an extension for MediaWiki, Sphinx (documentation generator) and integration with Doxygen ...
Symmetric-key algorithm. Symmetric-key algorithms [a] are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption of ciphertext. The keys may be identical, or there may be a simple transformation to go between the two keys. [1] The keys, in practice, represent a shared secret ...
Functionality. Rabbit uses a 128-bit key and a 64-bit initialization vector. The cipher was designed with high performance in software in mind, where fully optimized implementations achieve an encryption cost of up to 3.7 cpb on a Pentium 3, and of 9.7 cpb on an ARM7. However, the cipher also turns out to be very fast and compact in hardware.
Keystream. In cryptography, a keystream is a stream of random or pseudorandom characters that are combined with a plaintext message to produce an encrypted message (the ciphertext). The "characters" in the keystream can be bits, bytes, numbers or actual characters like A-Z depending on the usage case. Usually each character in the keystream is ...
A secure block cipher can be converted into a CSPRNG by running it in counter mode using, for example, a special construct that the NIST in SP 800-90A calls CTR_DRBG. CTR_DBRG typically uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). AES-CTR_DRBG is often used as a random number generator in systems that use AES encryption. [9] [10]