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The issue of school speech or curricular speech as it relates to the First Amendment to the United States Constitution has been the center of controversy and litigation since the mid-20th century. The First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of speech applies to students in the public schools. In the landmark decision Tinker v.
Morse v. Frederick, 551 U.S. 393 (2007), is a United States Supreme Court case where the Court held, 5–4, that the First Amendment does not prevent educators from prohibiting or punishing student speech that is reasonably viewed as promoting illegal drug use. [ 1][ 2] In 2002, Juneau-Douglas High School principal Deborah Morse suspended ...
Bethel School District v. Fraser. Bethel School District v. Fraser, 478 U.S. 675 (1986), was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court upheld the suspension of a high school student who delivered a sexually suggestive speech at a school assembly. The case involved free speech in public schools .
The Free Speech Movement ( FSM) was a massive, long-lasting student protest which took place during the 1964–65 academic year on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley. [ 1] The Movement was informally under the central leadership of Berkeley graduate student Mario Savio. [ 2] Other student leaders include Jack Weinberg, Tom ...
The Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression ( FIRE ), formerly called the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, is a 501 (c) (3) [ 1] non-profit civil liberties group founded in 1999 with the mission of protecting freedom of speech on college campuses in the United States. [ 2][ 3][ 4] FIRE changed its name in June 2022, when ...
Substantial disruption. The substantial disruption test is a criterion set forth by the United States Supreme Court, in the leading case of Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969). [1] The test is used to determine whether an act by a U.S. public school official (State actor) has abridged a student's ...
The censorship of student media in the United States is the suppression of student-run news operations ' free speech by school administrative bodies, typically state schools. This consists of schools using their authority to control the funding and distribution of publications, taking down articles, and preventing distribution.
The Free Speech Movement was the first US student movement that became a focus of scholarly attention into student activism. [ 114 ] The largest student strike in American history took place in May and June 1970, in response to the Kent State shootings and the American invasion of Cambodia .