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Calcium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ca and atomic number 20. As an alkaline earth metal, calcium is a reactive metal that forms a dark oxide-nitride layer when exposed to air. Its physical and chemical properties are most similar to its heavier homologues strontium and barium. It is the fifth most abundant element in Earth's crust, and ...
Calcium in biology. Calcium is used in many nerves in the voltage-gated calcium channel which is slightly slower than the voltage-gated potassium channel. It is most notably used in the cardiac action potential. [1] Calcium ions (Ca 2+) contribute to the physiology and biochemistry of organisms' cells. They play an important role in signal ...
Calcium metabolism is the movement and regulation of calcium ions (Ca 2+) in (via the gut) and out (via the gut and kidneys) of the body, and between body compartments: the blood plasma, the extracellular and intracellular fluids, and bone. Bone acts as a calcium storage center for deposits and withdrawals as needed by the blood via continual ...
Calcium citrate is recommended for patients with achlorhydria and those on medications that decrease stomach acidity. While calcium carbonate is the most common and least expensive form of calcium and contains 40% of elemental calcium, calcium citrate supplements contain only 21% calcium, requiring more tablets for equivalent dosage.
The calcium cycle is a transfer of calcium between dissolved and solid phases. There is a continuous supply of calcium ions into waterways from rocks , organisms , and soils . [1] [2] Calcium ions are consumed and removed from aqueous environments as they react to form insoluble structures such as calcium carbonate and calcium silicate, [1] [3 ...
Calcium ( 20 Ca) has 26 known isotopes, ranging from 35 Ca to 60 Ca. There are five stable isotopes ( 40 Ca, 42 Ca, 43 Ca, 44 Ca and 46 Ca), plus one isotope ( 48 Ca) with such a long half-life that it is for all practical purposes stable. The most abundant isotope, 40 Ca, as well as the rare 46 Ca, are theoretically unstable on energetic ...
Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue. It normally occurs in the formation of bone, but calcium can be deposited abnormally in soft tissue, [1] [2] causing it to harden. Calcifications may be classified on whether there is mineral balance or not, and the location of the calcification. [3]
Calcium signaling is the use of calcium ions (Ca 2+) to communicate and drive intracellular processes often as a step in signal transduction. Ca 2+ is important for cellular signalling, for once it enters the cytosol of the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory effects on many enzymes and proteins. Ca 2+ can act in signal transduction ...