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Law. v. t. e. Securities fraud, also known as stock fraud and investment fraud, is a deceptive practice in the stock or commodities markets that induces investors to make purchase or sale decisions on the basis of false information. [1] [failed verification] [2] [3] The setups are generally made to result in monetary gain for the deceivers, and ...
Pump and dump ( P&D) is a form of securities fraud that involves artificially inflating the price of an owned stock through false and misleading positive statements (pump), in order to sell the cheaply purchased stock at a higher price (dump). Once the operators of the scheme "dump" (sell) their overvalued shares, the price falls and investors ...
SEC Rule 10b-5, codified at 17 CFR 240.10b-5, is one of the most important rules targeting securities fraud in the United States. It was promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), pursuant to its authority granted under § 10 (b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. [ 1] The rule prohibits any act or omission resulting ...
Microcap stock fraud is a form of securities fraud involving stocks of "microcap" companies, generally defined in the United States as those with a market capitalization of under $250 million. Its prevalence has been estimated to run into the billions of dollars a year. [1] [2] [3] Many microcap stocks are penny stocks, which the SEC defines as ...
Watered stock. Jay Gould, as president of the Erie Railroad, notoriously issued watered stock to defeat a takeover attempt. Watered stock is an asset with an artificially- inflated value. [1] The term most commonly refers to a form of securities fraud in which a company issues stock to someone before receiving at least the par value in payment.
A Ponzi scheme ( / ˈpɒnzi /, Italian: [ˈpontsi]) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. [1] Named after Italian businessman Charles Ponzi, this type of scheme misleads investors by either falsely suggesting that profits are derived from legitimate business ...
A securities class action ( SCA ), or securities fraud class action, is a lawsuit filed by investors who bought or sold a company's publicly traded securities within a specific period of time (known as a “class period”) and suffered economic injury as a result of violations of the securities laws . In cases involving misleading statements ...
e. In economics and finance, market manipulation is a type of market abuse where there is a deliberate attempt to interfere with the free and fair operation of the market; the most blatant of cases involve creating false or misleading appearances with respect to the price of, or market for, a product, security or commodity. [citation needed]