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2. Reverse osmosis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_osmosis

   Reverse osmosis ( RO) is a water purification process that uses a semi-permeable membrane to separate water molecules from other substances. RO applies pressure to overcome osmotic pressure that favors even distributions. RO can remove dissolved or suspended chemical species as well as biological substances (principally bacteria ), and is used ...

3. Marine aquarium - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_aquarium

   A marine aquarium is an aquarium that keeps marine plants and animals in a contained environment. Marine aquaria are further subdivided by hobbyists into fish only ( FO ), fish only with live rock ( FOWLR ), and reef aquaria. Fish only tanks often showcase large or aggressive marine fish species and generally rely on mechanical and chemical ...

4. Seawater desalination in Australia - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seawater_desalination_in...

   By 2002, however, only two reverse osmosis desalination plants were still operating, one on Kangaroo Island and the other on Rottnest Island. [2] Seawater reverse osmosis is the only type of desalination technology currently used for large-scale desalination plants in Australia, the most important of these plants being located in Perth and ...

5. Osmotic power - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_power

   Osmotic power, salinity gradient power or blue energy is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Two practical methods for this are reverse electrodialysis (RED) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO). Both processes rely on osmosis with membranes. The key waste product is brackish water.

6. Water purification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_purification

   Water purification. Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water. The goal is to produce water that is fit for specific purposes. Most water is purified and disinfected for human consumption ( drinking water ), but water purification may also be carried out ...

7. Total dissolved solids - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_dissolved_solids

   Total dissolved solids ( TDS) is a measure of the dissolved combined content of all inorganic and organic substances present in a liquid in molecular, ionized, or micro-granular ( colloidal sol) suspended form. TDS are often measured in parts per million (ppm). TDS in water can be measured using a digital meter.