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  2. Biopython - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopython

    The Biopython project is an open-source collection of non-commercial Python tools for computational biology and bioinformatics, created by an international association of developers. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It contains classes to represent biological sequences and sequence annotations , and it is able to read and write to a variety of file formats.

  3. Off-by-one error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-by-one_error

    An intuitive answer may be n − m, but that is off by one, exhibiting a fencepost error; the correct answer is n − m + 1. For this reason, ranges in computing are often represented by half-open intervals ; the range from m to n (inclusive) is represented by the range from m (inclusive) to n + 1 (exclusive) to avoid fencepost errors.

  4. Linux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux

    The GNU C library, an implementation of the C standard library, works as a wrapper for the system calls of the Linux kernel necessary to the kernel-userspace interface, the toolchain is a broad collection of programming tools vital to Linux development (including the compilers used to build the Linux kernel itself), and the coreutils implement ...

  5. Genetic algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_algorithm

    In computer science and operations research, a genetic algorithm ( GA) is a metaheuristic inspired by the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA). Genetic algorithms are commonly used to generate high-quality solutions to optimization and search problems by relying on biologically inspired ...

  6. Computational neuroscience - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_neuroscience

    Computational neuroscience (also known as theoretical neuroscience or mathematical neuroscience) is a branch of neuroscience which employs mathematics, computer science, theoretical analysis and abstractions of the brain to understand the principles that govern the development, structure, physiology and cognitive abilities of the nervous system ...

  7. Class (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)

    In the terms of type theory, a class is an implementation‍—‌a concrete data structure and collection of subroutines‍—‌while a type is an interface. Different (concrete) classes can produce objects of the same (abstract) type (depending on type system). For example, the type (interface) Stack might be implemented by SmallStack that ...

  8. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    Python is a multi-paradigm programming language. Object-oriented programming and structured programming are fully supported, and many of their features support functional programming and aspect-oriented programming (including metaprogramming [ 70] and metaobjects ). [ 71] Many other paradigms are supported via extensions, including design by ...

  9. History of Python - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Python

    Python 2.5 was released in September 2006 [25] and introduced the with statement, which encloses a code block within a context manager (for example, acquiring a lock before the block of code is run and releasing the lock afterwards, or opening a file and then closing it), allowing resource acquisition is initialization (RAII)-like behavior and ...