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Cardiology. Hypertensive heart disease includes a number of complications of high blood pressure that affect the heart. While there are several definitions of hypertensive heart disease in the medical literature, [ 1][ 2][ 3] the term is most widely used in the context of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding categories.
Secondary hypertension (or, less commonly, inessential hypertension) is a type of hypertension which has a specific and identifiable underlying primary cause. It is much less common than essential hypertension, affecting only 5-10% of hypertensive patients. It has many different causes including obstructive sleep apnea, kidney disease ...
8.9 million (2015) [ 12] Coronary artery disease ( CAD ), also called coronary heart disease ( CHD ), ischemic heart disease ( IHD ), [ 13] myocardial ischemia, [ 14] or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart. [ 5][ 6][ 15] It is the ...
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a disorder of the heart muscle in people with diabetes. It can lead to inability of the heart to circulate blood through the body effectively, a state known as heart failure (HF), [ 2] with accumulation of fluid in the lungs ( pulmonary edema) or legs ( peripheral edema ). Most heart failure in people with diabetes ...
Diabetic angiopathy is a form of angiopathy associated with diabetic complications. [ 1] While not exclusive, the two most common forms are diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy, whose pathophysiologies are largely identical. Other forms of diabetic angiopathy include diabetic neuropathy and diabetic cardiomyopathy. [ 2][ 3]
Hypertensive crisis. Severely elevated blood pressure (equal to or greater than 180 mmHg systolic or 120 mmHg diastolic) is referred to as a hypertensive crisis (sometimes termed malignant or accelerated hypertension), due to the high risk of complications. People with blood pressures in this range may have no symptoms, but are more likely to ...
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [ 1][ 2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [ 3][ 4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [ 3]
Peripheral artery disease. Peripheral artery disease ( PAD) is a vascular disorder that causes abnormal narrowing of arteries other than those that supply the heart or brain. [ 5 ][ 15 ] PAD can happen in any blood vessel, but it is more common in the legs than the arms. [ 16 ]