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Etymology. The name Maccabee [4] is often used as a synonym for the entire Hasmonean dynasty, but the Maccabees proper comprised Judas Maccabeus and his four brothers. The name Maccabee was a personal epithet of Judah, [5] and the later generations were not his direct descendants.
Judas Maccabeus. Judas Maccabaeus or Maccabeus (/ ˌmækəˈbiːəs / MAK-ə-BEE-əs), also known as Judah Maccabee (Hebrew: יהודה המכבי, romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi), [a] was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE).
Woman with seven sons. Antonio Ciseri 's Martyrdom of the Seven Maccabees (1863), depicting the woman with her dead sons. The woman with seven sons was a Jewish martyr described in 2 Maccabees 7. She and her seven sons were arrested during the persecution of Judaism initiated by King Antiochus IV Epiphanes. They were ordered to consume pork and ...
According to the narrative in 1 Maccabees, Jonathan Apphus was the youngest of the five sons of Mattathias. [citation needed] His father was a priest credited as the founding figure of the rebellion of the Maccabees against Antiochus IV Epiphanes of the Seleucid Empire. However Mattathias died in 167 BCE while the rebellion was only beginning.
Eleazar (2 Maccabees) The Martyrdom of Eleazar the Scribe by Gustave Doré, 1866. Eleazar was a Jewish martyr who died during the persecution of Judaism in Judea ordered by King Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Together with the woman with seven sons, he is one of the "Holy Maccabean Martyrs" celebrated by the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and ...
6 Maccabees. 6 Maccabees, or the Sixth Book of Maccabees, [1] is an anonymous Classical Syriac narrative poem about the martyrdom of Eleazar and the woman with seven sons under Antiochus IV as described in the prose Greek works 2 Maccabees and 4 Maccabees. [2] 6 Maccabees is a conventional title based on the theory that it is an Old Testament ...
5 Maccabees. The Fifth Book of the Maccabees, also called " Arabic 2 Maccabees ", or " Arabic Maccabees ", [1] is an ancient Jewish work relating the history in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC. The book chronicles the events from Heliodorus ' attempt to rob the Temple treasury in 186 BC to the death of Herod the Great 's two sons about 6 BC.
3 Maccabees. 3 Maccabees, [a] also called the Third Book of Maccabees, is a book written in Koine Greek, likely in the 1st century BC in either the late Ptolemaic period of Egypt or in early Roman Egypt. Despite the title, the book has nothing to do with the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire described in 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees.