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The graph forms a rectangular hyperbola. In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/ x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a / b is b / a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number.
In mathematics, an inequality is a relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions. [ 1] It is used most often to compare two numbers on the number line by their size. The main types of inequality are less than and greater than .
The degree of the sum (or difference) of two polynomials is less than or equal to the greater of their degrees; that is, and . For example, the degree of is 2, and 2 ≤ max {3, 3}. The equality always holds when the degrees of the polynomials are different. For example, the degree of is 3, and 3 = max {3, 2}.
Linear inequality. In mathematics a linear inequality is an inequality which involves a linear function. A linear inequality contains one of the symbols of inequality: [ 1] < less than. > greater than. ≤ less than or equal to. ≥ greater than or equal to. ≠ not equal to.
All instances of log (x) without a subscript base should be interpreted as a natural logarithm, also commonly written as ln (x) or loge(x). In mathematics, the prime-counting function is the function counting the number of prime numbers less than or equal to some real number x. [ 1][ 2] It is denoted by π(x) (unrelated to the number π ). The ...
Pursuing this type of analysis more carefully, G. H. Hardy and John Edensor Littlewood in 1923 conjectured (as part of their Hardy–Littlewood prime tuple conjecture) that for any fixed c ≥ 2, the number of representations of a large integer n as the sum of c primes n = p 1 + ⋯ + p c with p 1 ≤ ⋯ ≤ p c should be asymptotically equal to
Because (a + 1) 2 = a, a + 1 is the unique solution of the quadratic equation x 2 + a = 0. On the other hand, the polynomial x 2 + ax + 1 is irreducible over F 4, but it splits over F 16, where it has the two roots ab and ab + a, where b is a root of x 2 + x + a in F 16. This is a special case of Artin–Schreier theory.
He showed that if f is a function defined on X whose values are 2-valued functions on X, then the 2-valued function G(x) = 1 − f(x)(x) is not in the range of f. Bertrand Russell has a very similar proof in Principles of Mathematics (1903, section 348), where he shows that there are more propositional functions than objects.