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The planar process was developed by Noyce's colleague Jean Hoerni in early 1959, based on the silicon surface passivation and thermal oxidation processes developed by Mohamed M. Atalla at Bell Labs in the late 1950s. [ 4][ 5][ 6] Computers using IC chips began to appear in the early 1960s.
At the time the ZX80 was the cheapest personal computer for sale in the UK. This was succeeded by the more well-known ZX81 in the following year (sold as the Timex Sinclair 1000 in the United States). The ZX81 was one of the first computers in the UK to be aimed at the general public and was offered for sale via major high street retail channels.
The company's computer systems, mainly the C64 and Amiga series, retain a cult following decades after its demise. [86] [87] After a brief reappearance on the gaming PC market in 2007, the brand was acquired under license in 2010 by two young entrepreneurs to become Commodore USA in Florida, until 2013. On December 26, 2014, two Italian ...
Oracle Cloud. Oracle Cloud is a cloud computing service offered by Oracle Corporation providing servers, storage, network, applications and services through a global network of Oracle Corporation managed data centers. The company allows these services to be provisioned on demand over the Internet.
There are a number of other companies (AMD, Microchip, Altera, etc) making specialized chipsets as part of other ICs, and they are not often found in PC hardware (laptop, desktop or server). There are also a number of now defunct companies (like 3com, DEC, SGI) that produced network related chipsets for us in general computers.
Lotus Software. Lotus Software (called Lotus Development Corporation before its acquisition by IBM) [ 2] was an American software company based in Massachusetts; it was sold to India's HCL Technologies in 2018. Lotus is most commonly known for the Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet application, the first feature-heavy, user-friendly, reliable, and WYSIWYG ...
Retrocomputing. Retrocomputing is the current use of older computer hardware and software. Retrocomputing is usually classed as a hobby and recreation rather than a practical application of technology; enthusiasts often collect rare and valuable hardware and software for sentimental reasons. [ 1]
Grace Murray Hopper: a pioneer of computing. She worked alongside Howard H. Aiken on IBM's Mark I. Hopper and also came up with the term " debugging ." Hedy Lamarr: invented a "frequency hopping" technology that the Navy used during World War II to control torpedoes via radio signals.