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The Jews (Hebrew: יְהוּדִים , ISO 259-2: Yehudim, Israeli pronunciation:) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group [13] and nation [14] originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, [15] and whose traditional religion is Judaism.
According to the Book of Genesis, Judah ( יְהוּדָה , Yehudah) was the name of the fourth son of the patriarch Jacob. During the Exodus, the name was given to the Tribe of Judah, descended from the patriarch Judah. After the conquest and settlement of the land of Canaan, Judah also referred to the territory allocated to the tribe.
The Jewish diaspora in the second Temple period (516 BCE – 70 CE) was created from various factors, including through the creation of political and war refugees, enslavement, deportation, overpopulation, indebtedness, military employment, and opportunities in business, commerce, and agriculture. [ 5]
Broadly speaking, a Jew is one who associates culturally with Jews, supports Jewish institutions, reads Jewish books and periodicals, attends Jewish movies and theater, travels to Israel, visits historical synagogues, and so forth. It is a definition that applies to Jewish culture in general, and to Ashkenazi Yiddishkeit in particular.
Jewish culture is the culture of the Jewish people, [ 1] from its formation in ancient times until the current age. Judaism itself is not simply a faith-based religion, but an orthoprax and ethnoreligion, pertaining to deed, practice, and identity. [ 2] Jewish culture covers many aspects, including religion and worldviews, literature, media ...
Modern Hebrew has 25 to 27 consonants and 5 to 10 vowels, depending on the speaker and the analysis. Hebrew has been used primarily for liturgical, literary, and scholarly purposes for most of the past two millennia. As a consequence, its pronunciation was strongly influenced by the vernacular of individual Jewish communities.
Ashkenazi Hebrew. Ashkenazi Hebrew ( Hebrew: הֲגִיָּה אַשְׁכְּנַזִּית, romanized : hagiyoh ashkenazis, Yiddish: אַשכּנזישע הבֿרה, romanized : ashkenazishe havore) is the pronunciation system for Biblical and Mishnaic Hebrew favored for Jewish liturgical use and Torah study by Ashkenazi Jewish practice.
Sephardi Hebrew is the traditional pronunciation of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews and Sephardi Jews in the countries of the former Ottoman Empire, with the exception of Yemenite Hebrew. This pronunciation, in the form used by the Jerusalem Sephardic community, is the basis of the Hebrew phonology of Israeli native speakers.