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Xorshift. Xorshift random number generators, also called shift-register generators, are a class of pseudorandom number generators that were invented by George Marsaglia. [ 1] They are a subset of linear-feedback shift registers (LFSRs) which allow a particularly efficient implementation in software without the excessive use of sparse ...
For special cases, on some hardware, faster alternatives exist. For example, the modulo of powers of 2 can alternatively be expressed as a bitwise AND operation (assuming x is a positive integer, or using a non-truncating definition): x % 2 n == x & (2 n - 1) Examples: x % 2 == x & 1 x % 4 == x & 3 x % 8 == x & 7
In computer programming, the exclusive or swap (sometimes shortened to XOR swap) is an algorithm that uses the exclusive or bitwise operation to swap the values of two variables without using the temporary variable which is normally required. The algorithm is primarily a novelty and a way of demonstrating properties of the exclusive or operation.
The metric space of length- n binary strings, with the Hamming distance, is known as the Hamming cube; it is equivalent as a metric space to the set of distances between vertices in a hypercube graph. One can also view a binary string of length n as a vector in by treating each symbol in the string as a real coordinate; with this embedding, the ...
Bit field. A bit field is a data structure that maps to one or more adjacent bits which have been allocated for specific purposes, so that any single bit or group of bits within the structure can be set or inspected. [ 1][ 2] A bit field is most commonly used to represent integral types of known, fixed bit-width, such as single-bit Booleans .
The following tables list the computational complexity of various algorithms for common mathematical operations . Here, complexity refers to the time complexity of performing computations on a multitape Turing machine. [ 1] See big O notation for an explanation of the notation used. Note: Due to the variety of multiplication algorithms, below ...
Bitwise operation. In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor.
Signed number representations. In computing, signed number representations are required to encode negative numbers in binary number systems. In mathematics, negative numbers in any base are represented by prefixing them with a minus sign ("−"). However, in RAM or CPU registers, numbers are represented only as sequences of bits, without extra ...