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Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye. Organisms with tetrachromacy are called tetrachromats. In tetrachromatic organisms, the sensory color space is four-dimensional ...
Ophthalmology. Dichromacy (from Greek di, meaning "two" and chromo, meaning "color") is the state of having two types of functioning photoreceptors, called cone cells, in the eyes. Organisms with dichromacy are called dichromats. Dichromats require only two primary colors to be able to represent their visible gamut.
Color blindness or color vision deficiency ( CVD) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. [ 2] The severity of color blindness ranges from mostly unnoticeable to full absence of color perception. Color blindness is usually an inherited problem or variation in the functionality of one or more of the three classes of cone ...
Cone cell. Cone cells or cones are photoreceptor cells in the retinas of vertebrates' eyes. They respond differently to light of different wavelengths, and the combination of their responses is responsible for color vision. Cones function best in relatively bright light, called the photopic region, as opposed to rod cells, which work better in ...
Heterochromia iridum. Heterochromia is a variation in coloration most often used to describe color differences of the iris, but can also be applied to color variation of hair [ 1] or skin. Heterochromia is determined by the production, delivery, and concentration of melanin (a pigment ). It may be inherited, or caused by genetic mosaicism ...
Scotopic vision. In the study of visual perception, scotopic vision (or scotopia) is the vision of the eye under low- light conditions. [ 1] The term comes from the Greek skotos, meaning 'darkness', and -opia, meaning 'a condition of sight'. [ 2] In the human eye, cone cells are nonfunctional in low visible light.
Eye color. Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic trait determined by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye 's iris [ 1][ 2] and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris. [ 3]: 9. In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black, depending on the concentration of ...
Cosmic ray visual phenomena, or light flashes ( LF ), also known as Astronaut's Eye, are spontaneous flashes of light visually perceived by some astronauts outside the magnetosphere of the Earth, such as during the Apollo program. While LF may be the result of actual photons of visible light being sensed by the retina, [ 1] the LF discussed ...