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Test anxiety. Test anxiety is a combination of physiological over-arousal, tension and somatic symptoms, along with worry, dread, fear of failure, and catastrophizing, that occur before or during test situations. [ 1] It is a psychological condition in which people experience extreme stress, anxiety, and discomfort during and/or before taking a ...
Free response tests are a relatively effective test of higher-level reasoning, as the format requires test-takers to provide more of their reasoning in the answer than multiple choice questions. [4] Students, however, report higher levels of anxiety when taking essay questions as compared to short-response or multiple choice exams. [5]
List of cognitive biases. Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm and/or rationality in judgment. They are often studied in psychology, sociology and behavioral economics. [ 1] Although the reality of most of these biases is confirmed by reproducible research, [ 2][ 3] there are often controversies about how to classify ...
Systematic desensitization, or graduated exposure therapy, is a behavior therapy developed by the psychiatrist Joseph Wolpe. It is used when a phobia or anxiety disorder is maintained by classical conditioning. It shares the same elements of both cognitive-behavioral therapy and applied behavior analysis. [clarification needed] When used in ...
Writing anxiety is a term for the tension, worry, nervousness, and a wide variety of other negative feelings [1] that may occur when given a writing task. [2] The degree to which a writer experiences these negative feelings may vary depending on the context of the writing. Some may feel anxious about writing an essay for school, but writing an ...
Communication apprehension is a degree or measure of the anxiety triggered by the real or anticipated communication act, as defined by James C. McCroskey. [ 1] The fear of judgment from the audience and self-image are two factors which fuel the anxiety. [ 2] Since communication can be oral or written, communication apprehension (CA) is divided ...
The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales were developed by researchers at the University of New South Wales . [3] The test was developed using a sample of responses from the comparison of 504 sets of results from a trial by students, taken from a larger sample of 950 first-year university student responses. [1]
Mark H. Ashcraft defines math anxiety as "a feeling of tension, apprehension, or fear that interferes with math performance" (2002, p. 1). [ 2] It is a phenomenon that is often considered when examining students' problems in mathematics. According to the American Psychological Association, mathematical anxiety is often linked to testing anxiety.