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Psephology ( ⫽ sɪˈfɒlədʒi ⫽; from Greek ψῆφος, psephos, 'pebble') is the study of elections and voting. [1] Psephology attempts to both forecast and explain election results . Psephology uses historical precinct voting data, public opinion polls, campaign finance information and similar statistical data. The term was first coined ...
Politics. Political psychology is an interdisciplinary academic field, dedicated to understanding politics, politicians and political behavior from a psychological perspective, and psychological processes using socio-political perspectives. [1] The relationship between politics and psychology is considered bidirectional, with psychology being ...
The president, elected by the people, symbolizes national unity and foreign policy while the prime minister is appointed by the president or elected by the parliament and handles daily administration. The term semi-presidential distinguishes this system from presidential and parliamentary systems. Directorial republic
Politics. A parliamentary system, or parliamentary democracy, is a system of democratic government where the head of government (who may also be the head of state) derives their democratic legitimacy from their ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which they are accountable.
Political polarization (spelled polarisation in British English, African and Caribbean English, and New Zealand English) is the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes. [1] [2] [3] Scholars distinguish between ideological polarization (differences between the policy positions) and affective ...
In political science, a many-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections. [1] Many-party systems tend to be more common in countries using proportional representation compared to those using winner-take-all elections, a result known as Duverger's law .
Politics. Politics (from Ancient Greek πολιτικά (politiká) 'affairs of the cities') is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is ...
Spatial model of voting In political science and social choice theory, the spatial (sometimes ideological or ideal-point) model of voting is a mathematical model of voting behavior. It describes voters and candidates as varying along one or more axes (or dimensions ), where each axis represents an attribute of the candidate that voters care about. [1] : 14 Voters are modeled as having an ideal ...