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  2. Gambling mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambling_mathematics

    After enough large number of rounds the theoretical distribution of the total win converges to the normal distribution, giving a good possibility to forecast the possible win or loss. For example, after 100 rounds at $1 per round, the standard deviation of the win (equally of the loss) will be 2 ⋅ $ 1 ⋅ 100 ⋅ 18 / 38 ⋅ 20 / 38 ≈ $ 9. ...

  3. Sensitivity and specificity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity

    An estimate of d′ can be also found from measurements of the hit rate and false-alarm rate. It is calculated as: d′ = Z(hit rate) − Z(false alarm rate), [15] where function Z(p), p ∈ [0, 1], is the inverse of the cumulative Gaussian distribution. d′ is a dimensionless statistic. A higher d′ indicates that the signal can be more ...

  4. Bellwether - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellwether

    In the world of economics and finance, a 'bellwether' is a leading indicator of an economic trend. [1] [2]In the stock market, a 'bellwether' is a company or stock taken to be a leading indicator of the direction in a sector, in an industry or in the market as a whole.

  5. Winning percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winning_percentage

    For example, if a team's season record is 30 wins and 20 losses, the winning percentage would be 60% or 0.600: % = % If a team's season record is 30–15–5 (i.e. it has won thirty games, lost fifteen and tied five times), and if the five tie games are counted as 2 1 ⁄ 2 wins, then the team has an adjusted record of 32 1 ⁄ 2 wins, resulting in a 65% or .650 winning percentage for the ...

  6. Benjamin Graham formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Graham_formula

    The Graham formula proposes to calculate a company’s intrinsic value as: = the value expected from the growth formulas over the next 7 to 10 years. = the company’s last 12-month earnings per share. = P/E base for a no-growth company. = reasonably expected 7 to 10 Year Growth Rate of EPS. = the average yield of AAA corporate bonds in 1962 ...

  7. Learning rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_rate

    v. t. e. In machine learning and statistics, the learning rate is a tuning parameter in an optimization algorithm that determines the step size at each iteration while moving toward a minimum of a loss function. [1] Since it influences to what extent newly acquired information overrides old information, it metaphorically represents the speed at ...

  8. NBA salary cap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBA_salary_cap

    NBA salary cap. The NBA salary cap is the limit to the total amount of money that National Basketball Association teams are allowed to pay their players. Like the other major professional sports leagues in North America, the NBA has a salary cap to control costs and benefit parity, defined by the league's collective bargaining agreement (CBA).

  9. List of human disease case fatality rates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_disease_case...

    From 1962 to 2022 there have been 157 recorded cases of the infection in United States, only 4 of those 157 individuals survived the disease. A combination of drugs have shown effectiveness in survivors. The rate drops significantly to >50% with treatment. The rate dropped significantly to 10% with effective treatments. Eradicated .