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  2. Opinion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinion

    A "legal opinion" or "closing opinion" is a type of professional opinion, usually contained in a formal legal-opinion letter, given by an attorney to a client or a third party. Most legal opinions are given in connection with business transactions. The opinion expresses the attorney's professional judgment regarding the legal aspect of the ...

  3. Confirmation bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_bias

    Confirmation bias (also confirmatory bias, myside bias, [ a] or congeniality bias[ 2]) is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one's prior beliefs or values. [ 3] People display this bias when they select information that supports their views, ignoring contrary information, or ...

  4. Fact - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fact

    A fact is a true datum about one or more aspects of a circumstance. [ 1] Standard reference works are often used to check facts. Scientific facts are verified by repeatable careful observation or measurement by experiments or other means. For example, "This sentence contains words." accurately describes a linguistic fact, and "The sun is a star ...

  5. Fact-checking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fact-checking

    Fact-checking is the process of verifying the factual accuracy of questioned reporting and statements. Fact-checking can be conducted before or after the text or content is published or otherwise disseminated. Internal fact-checking is such checking done in-house by the publisher to prevent inaccurate content from being published; when the text ...

  6. Opinion evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinion_evidence

    An expert witness is a witness, who by virtue of education, training, skill, or experience, is believed to have expertise and specialised knowledge in a particular subject beyond that of the average person, sufficient that others may officially and legally rely upon the witness's specialized (scientific, technical or other) opinion about an evidence or fact issue within the scope of his ...

  7. Judicial opinion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_opinion

    Per curiam opinion. Seriatim opinion. v. t. e. A judicial opinion is a form of legal opinion written by a judge or a judicial panel in the course of resolving a legal dispute, providing the decision reached to resolve the dispute, and usually indicating the facts which led to the dispute and an analysis of the law used to arrive at the decision.

  8. United States congressional hearing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States...

    A United States congressional hearing is the principal formal method by which United States congressional committees collect and analyze information in the early stages of legislative policymaking. [1] Whether confirmation hearings (a procedure unique to the United States Senate ), legislative, oversight, investigative, or a combination of ...

  9. Fact–value distinction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fact–value_distinction

    The fact–value distinction is a fundamental epistemological distinction described between: [ 1] Statements of fact ( positive or descriptive statements ), which are based upon reason and observation, and examined via the empirical method. Statements of value ( normative or prescriptive statements ), which encompass ethics and aesthetics, and ...