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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the central institution embodying the international monetary system and promotes balanced expansion of world trade, reduced trade restrictions, stable exchange rates, minimal trade imbalances, avoidance of currency devaluations, and the correction of balance-of-payment problems. The IMF's goal is to ...
The debt itself can take the form of money owed to private banks, outside governments or global financial institutions like the World Bank or International Monetary Fund (IMF). External debt is placed within four broad categories: Private non-guaranteed debt. Public and publicly guaranteed debt. Central bank deposits.
The Bretton Woods Agreement also led to the creation of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (what is now the World Bank) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The agreement's name comes from the New Hampshire site where the conference was held. In total, 730 delegates from all 44 allied nations attended.
At the same time, revaluation can have the effect of weakening countries with strong exports, such as China. For example, a revaluation of the Chinese Yuan would make imports from China more expensive in the U.S., causing the U.S. to seek alternative market sources. Revaluation refers to the adjustment of the exchange rate of a country's currency.
The concept of floating exchange rates was not a genuine reality until the Bretton Woods agreement and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) were created to facilitate systems of exchange. Before that, the gold standard , whereby the value of a piece of currency was directly linked to a specific quantity of gold, was the prevalent method of ...
There are generally two types of lenders of last resort: (1) financial institutions that provide credit to other financial institutions that require credit to remain solvent for their depositors; (2) institutions or individuals providing credit to individuals, commonly referred to as retail lending. This latter form can take the appearance of ...
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a quantitative measure of how much an economy produces. It includes the monetary value of both goods and services within a specific nation’s borders. From cars to machinery to hairdresser services, GDP is a vital factor for understanding the financial health of a country. Investors often use GDP to determine ...
Examples of Globalization. Free trade, travel, and communication across countries are all examples of globalization. Globalization can efficiently organize a company’s services and production wherever the labor offers the lowest costs. China and Mexico have a large supply of manufacturing laborers who can make parts for products more cheaply ...
The Secretary of the Treasury is the chairman pro tempore of the President's Economic Policy Council, is chairman of the boards and managing trustee of the Social Security and Medicare trust funds, and is the U.S. governor of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Inter-American ...
International funds offer a diverse amount of asset types, including foreign government and corporate bonds, which can act as hedges against currency exchange rate changes. These international funds also target specific market segments with growth potential. Some examples include emerging markets, new economies, or niche growth sectors in ...