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Cellphones also did not increase the risk of tumors outside the brain, specifically pituitary tumors and salivary gland tumors in adults, nor did they increase the risk of brain cancer in children.
Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Most pituitary tumors are benign, approximately 35% are invasive and just 0.1% to 0.2% are carcinomas . [ 1 ] Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all intracranial neoplasms , with an estimated prevalence rate in the general population of approximately 17%.
Many pituitary tumors (25%) are found to have areas of hemorrhagic infarction on MRI scans, but apoplexy is not said to exist unless it is accompanied by symptoms. [1] [4] In some instances, lumbar puncture may be required if there is a suspicion that the symptoms might be caused by other problems (meningitis or subarachnoid hemorrhage).
A CT or MRI of the pituitary may also show the ACTH-secreting tumor if present. However, in 40% of Cushing's disease patients MRI is unable to detect a tumor. [8] In one study of 261 patients with confirmed pituitary Cushing's disease, only 48% of pituitary lesions were identified using MRI prior to surgery.
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It occurs more frequently in women and presents in the 20–55 year age group. It is also the predominant cancer type in children with thyroid cancer, and in patients with thyroid cancer who have had previous radiation to the head and neck. [3] It is often well-differentiated, slow-growing, and localized, although it can metastasize.
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