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In microbiology, in vivo is often used to refer to experimentation done in a whole organism, rather than in live isolated cells, for example, cultured cells derived from biopsies. In this situation, the more specific term is ex vivo. Once cells are disrupted and individual parts are tested or analyzed, this is known as in vitro. [citation needed]
Flooding, sometimes referred to as in vivo exposure therapy, is a form of behavior therapy and desensitization —or exposure therapy —based on the principles of respondent conditioning. As a psychotherapeutic technique, it is used to treat phobia and anxiety disorders including post-traumatic stress disorder. It works by exposing the patient ...
Hemolysis or haemolysis ( / hiːˈmɒlɪsɪs / ), [ 1] also known by several other names, is the rupturing ( lysis) of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the release of their contents ( cytoplasm) into surrounding fluid (e.g. blood plasma ). Hemolysis may occur in vivo or in vitro . One cause of hemolysis is the action of hemolysins, toxins ...
Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research, and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals, such as model organisms, in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. This approach can be contrasted with field studies in which animals are observed in ...
DNA synthesis is the natural or artificial creation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules. DNA is a macromolecule made up of nucleotide units, which are linked by covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds, in a repeating structure. DNA synthesis occurs when these nucleotide units are joined to form DNA; this can occur artificially ( in vitro) or ...
Ex vivo brainstem: (A) coronal view displaying the anterior portion of the tissue sample, (B) sagittal view displaying the left-hand side of the tissue sample [ 1] Ex vivo ( Latin: "out of the living") literally means that which takes place outside an organism. [ 2] In science, ex vivo refers to experimentation or measurements done in or on ...
In silico. In biology and other experimental sciences, an in silico experiment is one performed on a computer or via computer simulation software. The phrase is pseudo-Latin for 'in silicon' (correct Latin: in silicio ), referring to silicon in computer chips. It was coined in 1987 as an allusion to the Latin phrases in vivo, in vitro, and in ...
Insemination is the introduction of sperm into a female or hermaphrodite's reproductive system in order to fertilize the female for sexual reproduction. [ 1][ 2] The sperm is introduced into the uterus of a mammal or the oviduct of an oviparous (egg-laying) animal. Female mammals are inseminated during sexual intercourse / copulation, but can ...