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On the left the larger chip version, on the right a small version in USB format. The MSP430 is a mixed-signal microcontroller family from Texas Instruments, first introduced on 14 February 1992. [ 1] Built around a 16-bit CPU, the MSP430 was designed for low power consumption, [ 2] embedded applications and low cost.
Proportional–integral–derivative controller. A proportional–integral–derivative controller ( PID controller or three-term controller) is a control loop mechanism employing feedback that is widely used in industrial control systems and a variety of other applications requiring continuously modulated control.
The following boards have Arduino Uno pin-compatible female pin headers for Arduino shields, but these boards have 3.3 volt logic I/O, instead of 5 volt logic I/O for an Arduino Uno. Maple board by Leaflabs has a STM32F103RB microcontroller. A C/C++ library called libmaple is available to make it easier to migrate from Arduino.
The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller (MCU) and developed by Arduino.cc and initially released in 2010. [ 2][ 3] The microcontroller board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and other ...
Arduino ( / ɑːrˈdwiːnoʊ /) is an Italian open-source hardware and software company, project, and user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices. Its hardware products are licensed under a CC BY-SA license, while the software is licensed under the GNU Lesser ...
The control action is the switching on/off of the boiler, but the controlled variable should be the building temperature, but is not because this is open-loop control of the boiler, which does not give closed-loop control of the temperature. In closed loop control, the control action from the controller is dependent on the process output.
A motor controller is a device or group of devices that can coordinate in a predetermined manner the performance of an electric motor. [1] A motor controller might include a manual or automatic means for starting and stopping the motor, selecting forward or reverse rotation, selecting and regulating the speed, regulating or limiting the torque, and protecting against overloads and electrical ...
Industrial process control (IPC) or simply process control is a system used in modern manufacturing which uses the principles of control theory and physical industrial control systems to monitor, control and optimize continuous industrial production processes using control algorithms. This ensures that the industrial machines run smoothly and ...