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Amniotic fluid. The amniotic fluid is the protective liquid contained by the amniotic sac of a gravid amniote. This fluid serves as a cushion for the growing fetus, but also serves to facilitate the exchange of nutrients, water, and biochemical products between mother and fetus. For humans, the amniotic fluid is commonly called water or waters ...
Hypercoagulability in pregnancy likely evolved to protect women from hemorrhage at the time of miscarriage or childbirth. In developing countries, the leading cause of maternal death is still hemorrhage. [23] In the United States 2011-2013, hemorrhage made up of 11.4% and pulmonary embolisms made up of 9.2% of all pregnancy-related deaths. [24]
The diaphragm is a barrier method of birth control. [ 3] It is moderately effective, with a one-year failure rate of around 12% with typical use. [ 4] It is placed over the cervix with spermicide before sex and left in place for at least six hours after sex. [ 5][ 6] Fitting by a healthcare provider is generally required.
Fertility awareness ( FA) refers to a set of practices used to determine the fertile and infertile phases of a woman's menstrual cycle. Fertility awareness methods may be used to avoid pregnancy, to achieve pregnancy, or as a way to monitor gynecological health. Methods of identifying infertile days have been known since antiquity, but ...
Calendar-based methods are various methods of estimating a woman 's likelihood of fertility, based on a record of the length of previous menstrual cycles. Various methods are known as the Knaus–Ogino method and the rhythm method. The standard days method is also considered a calendar-based method, because when using it, a woman tracks the ...
Prenatal care is health care provided to pregnant women as a type of preventive care with the goal of providing regular check-ups that allow obstetricians - gynecologists, family medicine physicians, or midwives to detect, treat and prevent potential health problems throughout the course of the pregnancy while promoting healthy lifestyles that ...
Amniotic sac. The amniotic sac, also called the bag of waters[ 1][ 2] or the membranes, [ 3] is the sac in which the embryo and later fetus develops in amniotes. It is a thin but tough transparent pair of membranes that hold a developing embryo (and later fetus) until shortly before birth. The inner of these membranes, the amnion, encloses the ...
The estimated date of delivery ( EDD ), also known as expected date of confinement, [ 1] and estimated due date or simply due date, is a term describing the estimated delivery date for a pregnant woman. [ 2] Normal pregnancies last between 38 and 42 weeks. [ 3] Children are delivered on their expected due date about 4% of the time.