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Khomeini was a high ranking cleric in Twelver Shi'ism, an ayatollah, a marja' ("source of emulation"), a Mujtahid or faqīh (an expert in sharia), and author of more than 40 books. His opposition to the White Revolution resulted in his state-sponsored expulsion to Bursa in 1964.
Learn how millions of Iranians mourned the leader of the Iranian Revolution and the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran after his death on 3 June 1989. Read about the chaotic scenes of his funeral procession, the stampede that killed eight people, and his burial at the Behesht-e Zahra cemetery.
The conflict became a proxy war between Egypt and Saudi Arabia following the establishment of the Nasserist Yemen Arab Republic in 1962. The term "Arab Cold War" was first used by Malcolm H. Kerr, an American political scientist and Middle East scholar, in his 1965 book of the same name and subsequent editions. [9]
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini called on Iraqis to overthrow the Ba'ath government, which was received with considerable anger in Baghdad. [14] On 17 July 1979, despite Khomeini's call, Saddam gave a speech praising the Iranian Revolution and called for an Iraqi–Iranian friendship based on non-interference in each other's internal affairs. [14]
Grand Ayatollah Abul-Qassim Khoei, the leading Shia ayatollah at the time the book was published rejected Khomeini's argument on the grounds that the authority of jurist in the age of occultation of the Infallible Imam, is limited to the guardianship of orphans and social welfare and most jurists believed there was an "absence of [scriptural ...
When the war seemed to become a stalemate with hundreds of thousands killed and civilian areas being attacked by missiles, Khomeini was approached by Ayatollah Mehdi Haeri Yazdi, a grand ayatollah and former student with family ties to Khomeini. He pleaded with Khomeini to find a way to stop the killing, saying, "it is not right for Muslims to ...
Learn about the 1979 revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and established an Islamic republic in Iran. Explore the background, causes, methods, results, and impacts of the revolution, as well as the key figures and parties involved.
Ironically, Khomeini (and the assembly) now rejected the constitution—its "correctness" notwithstanding—and Khomeini declared that the new government should be based "100% on Islam." [ 40 ] Between mid-August and mid-November 1979, the Assembly commenced to draw up a new constitution, one leftists (and liberals) found even more objectionable.