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  2. Division by zero - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_by_zero

    Division by zero. The reciprocal function y = ⁠ 1 x⁠. As x approaches zero from the right, y tends to positive infinity. As x approaches zero from the left, y tends to negative infinity. In mathematics, division by zero, division where the divisor (denominator) is zero, is a unique and problematic special case.

  3. Indeterminate form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeterminate_form

    The indeterminate form is particularly common in calculus, because it often arises in the evaluation of derivatives using their definition in terms of limit. As mentioned above, (see fig. 1) while. (see fig. 2) This is enough to show that is an indeterminate form. Other examples with this indeterminate form include.

  4. Collatz conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture

    As an illustration of this, the parity cycle (1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0) and its sub-cycle (1 1 0 0) are associated to the same fraction ⁠ 5 / 7 ⁠ when reduced to lowest terms. In this context, assuming the validity of the Collatz conjecture implies that (1 0) and (0 1) are the only parity cycles generated by positive whole numbers (1 and 2 ...

  5. Quadratic formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic_formula

    Quadratic formula. The roots of the quadratic function y = ⁠ 1 2 ⁠x2 − 3x + ⁠ 5 2 ⁠ are the places where the graph intersects the x -axis, the values x = 1 and x = 5. They can be found via the quadratic formula. In elementary algebra, the quadratic formula is a closed-form expression describing the solutions of a quadratic equation.

  6. Modular arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_arithmetic

    Adding 4 hours to 9 o'clock gives 1 o'clock, since 13 is congruent to 1 modulo 12. In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" when reaching a certain value, called the modulus. The modern approach to modular arithmetic was developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss in his book Disquisitiones ...

  7. Euler's continued fraction formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_continued_fraction...

    In the analytic theory of continued fractions, Euler's continued fraction formula is an identity connecting a certain very general infinite series with an infinite continued fraction. First published in 1748, it was at first regarded as a simple identity connecting a finite sum with a finite continued fraction in such a way that the extension ...

  8. Fixed-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_arithmetic

    A fixed-point representation of a fractional number is essentially an integer that is to be implicitly multiplied by a fixed scaling factor. For example, the value 1.23 can be stored in a variable as the integer value 1230 with implicit scaling factor of 1/1000 (meaning that the last 3 decimal digits are implicitly assumed to be a decimal fraction), and the value 1 230 000 can be represented ...

  9. Division by infinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_by_infinity

    The hyperbola = /.As approaches ∞, approaches 0.. In mathematics, division by infinity is division where the divisor (denominator) is ∞.In ordinary arithmetic, this does not have a well-defined meaning, since ∞ is a mathematical concept that does not correspond to a specific number, and moreover, there is no nonzero real number that, when added to itself an infinite number of times ...